Cuscuta salina |
Cuscuta japonica |
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goldenthread, inland salt-marsh dodder, salt dodder, saltmarsh dodder |
Japanese dodder |
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Stems | orange-yellow, slender. |
yellow-orange, often with purple spots, medium to coarse. |
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Inflorescences | loose to dense, corymbiform; bracts at base of clusters 1, at base of pedicels 0 or 1, ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, membranous, margins entire, apex acute. |
spikes, racemes, or loose panicles, with 1–3(–7)-flowered cymes, flowers sessile or subsessile; bracts at base of clusters and flowers 1(or 2), broadly ovate, membranous, margins entire, apex obtuse. |
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Pedicels | (0.5–)1–5 mm. |
0–1 mm. |
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Flowers | 5-merous, 2.5–4.5 mm, membranous, not papillate or corolla lobes papillate; calyx yellow, cylindric to narrowly campanulate, equaling corolla tube length, divided 1/2 its length, not reticulate, ± glossy, lobes lance-ovate to lanceolate, bases not overlapping, margins entire, midvein not carinate, apex acute to acuminate; corolla white, drying creamy white, 2.2–4 mm, tube cylindric-campanulate to obconic, 1.2–2 mm, not saccate, lobes spreading to reflexed, lance-oblong to lance-ovate, equaling corolla tube length, margins entire or irregular, apex acute to acuminate or cuspidate, sometimes appearing tridentate, straight; infrastaminal scales oblong to obovate, 1–1.7 mm, 4/5 corolla tube length, bridged at 0.2–0.4 mm, rounded, uniformly densely fimbriate, fimbriae 0.1–0.3 mm; stamens exserted at full anthesis, shorter than corolla lobes; filaments 0.3–0.7 mm; anthers 0.3–0.7 × 0.2–0.5 mm; styles uniformly filiform, 0.4–0.9 mm, shorter than ovary. |
5-merous, 3–7 mm, fleshy, not papillate; calyx creamy white, drying yellow-brown, cupulate, 1/3–1/2 corolla tube length, divided 2/3 its length, not reticulate or shiny, lobes orbiculate to ovate, bases overlapping, margins entire, not partly hyaline, midvein carinate or not, apex acute to obtuse; corolla greenish white to pink, drying creamy yellow, 2.6–6.8 mm, tube cylindric, 2–4.3 mm, not saccate, lobes erect to spreading, ovate to ovate-triangular, 1/3–1/2 tube length, margins irregularly crenulate or entire, apex rounded to obtuse; infrastaminal scales oblong to ovate, 1.8–2.8 mm, 1/2 to equaling corolla tube length, bridged at 0.4–0.1 mm, rounded, with dense, thin fimbriae, 0.1–0.3 mm on margins; stamens included, shorter than corolla lobes; filaments 0–0.1 mm; anthers 0.6–1.1 × 0.5–0.7 mm; styles 1, not distally 2-fid or separable, 1–1.6 mm, equaling or longer than ovary, longer than stigma; stigmas globose, ellipsoid, ovoid, obovoid, conic, or ± cuboid, 0.1–0.6 mm. |
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Capsules | ellipsoid-ovoid, 1.6–2.5 × 1.7–2.4 mm, thickened and raised around relatively small interstylar aperture, not translucent, surrounded or capped by withered corolla, indehiscent. |
ovoid to helmet-shaped, 4.5–5.5(–7) × 3–3.6(–5) mm, not translucent, capped by withered corolla. |
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Seeds | 1, ± obcompressed, broadly ellipsoid to subglobose, 1.3–1.5 × 1.2–1.4 mm, hilum region subterminal. |
1–3, broadly ellipsoid to obovoid, slightly obcompressed, 2.5–2.8 × 1.1–1.7 mm, hilum region terminal. |
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2n | = 30. |
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Cuscuta salina |
Cuscuta japonica |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–Nov. | |||||
Habitat | Hosts: Atriplex, Centromadia, Cressa, Frankenia, Jaumea, Plantago, Salicornia, Salsola, Suaeda, Trichostema, Wislizenia. | |||||
Elevation | 0–1000 m. (0–3300 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
AZ; CA; NV; UT; Mexico (Baja California, Baja California Sur, Sonora)
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e Asia [Introduced in North America] |
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 14. | FNA vol. 14. | ||||
Parent taxa | Convolvulaceae > Cuscuta > subg. Grammica | Convolvulaceae > Cuscuta > subg. Monogynella | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Name authority | Engelmann in W. H. Brewer et al.: Bot. California 1: 536. (1876) | Choisy in H. Zollinger: Syst. Verz. 2: 134. (1854) | ||||
Web links |