Cuscuta polygonorum |
Cuscuta europaea |
|
---|---|---|
cuscute des renouées, smartweed dodder |
greater dodder |
|
Stems | yellow-orange, slender to medium. |
yellowish to reddish, medium to coarse. |
Inflorescences | dense, glomerulate; bracts at base of clusters 1, at base of pedicels 0–1, ovate-triangular to lanceolate, membranous, margins entire, apex acute. |
bracts ovate to lanceolate, membranous, margins entire, apex obtuse to acute. |
Pedicels | 0–1 mm. |
0–1.5 mm. |
Flowers | (3 or)4-merous, 2–2.7 mm, membranous, not papillate; calyx brownish yellow, cupulate, equaling corolla tube length, divided 1/2–2/3 its length, not reticulate or shiny, lobes triangular-ovate, bases not overlapping, margins entire, midvein not carinate, without hornlike appendages, apex obtuse to rounded; corolla white, drying yellow-brown, 1.8–2.5 mm, tube cupulate to shallowly campanulate, 1–1.4 mm, not saccate, lobes erect, triangular, equaling or longer than corolla tube length, margins entire, apex acute, inflexed; infrastaminal scales usually well developed, sometimes poorly developed, oblong, 0.8–1.2 mm, shorter than to equaling corolla tube length, bridged at 0.1–0.2 mm, mostly shallowly 2-fid with 1–3 fimbriae on each side of filament attachment or irregularly fimbriate at apex, fimbriae (0.05–)0.1–0.3 mm; stamens exserted, shorter than to ± equaling corolla lobes; filaments 0.4–0.8 mm; anthers 0.3–0.4 × 0.2–0.3 mm; styles subulate, 0.4–0.9 mm, shorter than ovary. |
4(or 5)-merous, 3–5 mm, fleshy; papillae absent; calyx creamy yellow to brownish, cupulate to obconic, shorter than to equaling corolla tube length, divided 1/2–3/4 its length, not reticulate or shiny, lobes ovate to triangular-ovate, bases not overlapping, margins entire, apex obtuse to rounded; corolla white or pink, drying yellow-brown, campanulate to urceolate, 2.2–4.7 mm, tube 1.7–3.3 mm, not saccate, lobes usually erect, sometimes spreading, triangular-ovate, 1/3–1/2 corolla tube length, margins entire, apex obtuse to truncate, straight; infrastaminal scales oblong, often 2-fid, 1–1.2 mm, 1/2 corolla tube length, bridged at 0.4–0.6 mm, short-fimbriate apically, fimbriae 0.1–0.3 mm; stamens included, shorter than corolla lobes; filaments 0.2–0.5 mm; anthers 0.2–0.5 × 0.2–0.4 mm; styles terete; style plus stigmas 0.6–1.2 mm, shorter than ovary; stigmas cylindric to clavate, 0.3–0.6 mm, shorter than to equaling styles. |
Capsules | depressed-globose, often appearing angled, 1.6–3 × 2.5–5 mm, not thickened or raised around relatively large interstylar aperture, not translucent, base ± enveloped by withered corolla, indehiscent. |
ovoid, globose-conic, or pyriform, 1.6–4 × 2–4 mm, not thickened or raised around interstylar aperture, ± translucent, capped by withered corolla. |
Seeds | 3 or 4, obcompressed, subglobose or broadly ovoid to broadly ellipsoid, 1.4–1.6 × 1.2–1.3 mm, hilum region subterminal. |
2–4, angled, subglobose, broadly ellipsoid, or ovoid, 1.2–1.5 × 0.9–1.3 mm, hilum region terminal. |
2n | = 14. |
|
Cuscuta polygonorum |
Cuscuta europaea |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jul–Oct. | Flowering Jul–Sep. |
Habitat | margins of streams, lakes, swamps, flood plains. | it can parasitize numerous other hosts both herbaceous and woody. |
Elevation | 30–500 m. (100–1600 ft.) | 20–200 m. (100–700 ft.) |
Distribution |
AR; CT; DC; DE; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; ND; NE; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; TN; TX; VA; WI; ON; QC
|
ME; NY; Europe [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South America, Asia (China, Japan), n Africa] |
Source | FNA vol. 14. | FNA vol. 14. |
Parent taxa | Convolvulaceae > Cuscuta > subg. Grammica | Convolvulaceae > Cuscuta > subg. Cuscuta |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Engelmann: Amer. J. Sci. Arts 43: 342, plate 6, figs. 26–29. (1842) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 124. (1753) |
Web links |