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big seed alfalfa dodder, collared dodder, inelegant dodder, large-seed dodder

Cochise dodder

Stems

yellow to orange, slender to medium.

orange, medium to coarse.

Inflorescences

loose to dense, paniculiform or corymbiform, sometimes originating endogenously;

bracts at base of clusters 1, at base of pedicels 0 or 1, ovate to lanceolate, membranous, margins entire, apex acute.

dense, corymbiform-glomerulate;

bracts at base of clusters 1, at base of pedicels 0(or 1), ovate-triangular, fleshy to membranous, margins entire, apex acute.

Pedicels

0.5–6 mm, usually papillate.

0.5–2 mm.

Flowers

5-merous, 3–4.5(–5.3) mm, fleshy, perianth cells convex, domelike, perianth and ovary usually papillate;

calyx creamy yellow to brownish, cupulate, 1/2–3/4 or longer than corolla tube length, divided 1/3–2/3 its length, not reticulate or shiny, lobes triangular-ovate to lanceolate, bases overlapping or not, margins entire, midvein not carinate, apex acute to attenuate;

corolla white, drying creamy yellow to dark brown, 2.5–4(–5) mm, tube campanulate to campanulate-cylindric, becoming subglobose or urceolate, 1.7–3 mm, not saccate, lobes suberect to erect, triangular-ovate, 1/3 to equaling corolla tube length, margins entire, apex acute, inflexed;

infrastaminal scales subspatulate to spatulate, 1.7–3 mm, equaling corolla tube length, bridged at 0.3–0.9 mm, usually rounded, rarely truncate or 2 or 3(or 4)-lobed, uniformly densely fimbriate, fimbriae 0.4–0.7 mm;

stamens barely exserted or included, shorter than corolla lobes;

filaments 0.3–0.7 mm;

anthers 0.3–0.8 × 0.2–0.5 mm;

styles filiform, 1–2.5 mm, equaling ovary.

5-merous, 4–5.5 mm, receptacle and calyx fleshy, corolla membranous, not papillate;

calyx brownish, shallowly cupulate, equaling corolla tube length, divided 1/3 its length, ± reticulate and shiny, lobes broadly ovate, bases overlapping, margins entire, midvein ± carinate, apex obtuse, sometimes with an appendage;

corolla white, drying creamy brown, 3.6–5 mm, tube campanulate, 1.5–3.5 mm, not saccate, lobes spreading to reflexed, broadly ovate, equaling corolla tube length, without hornlike appendages, margins entire, apex obtuse, straight;

infrastaminal scales ovate to oblong, 1.5–3.5 mm, equaling corolla tube length, bridged at 0.4–0.7 mm, truncate to rounded, sparsely fimbriate (sometimes only distally), fimbriae 0.1–0.4 mm;

stamens slightly exserted, shorter than corolla lobes;

filaments subulate, 0.5–0.9 mm;

anthers 0.5–0.9 × 0.3–0.4 mm;

styles stout, subulate, 0.9–2 mm, shorter than ovary.

Capsules

globose to subglobose, 2–3.5 × 1.9–4(–5) mm, thickened and raised around relatively mid-sized interstylar aperture, translucent, surrounded or capped by withered corolla, indehiscent.

globose, 4–7 × 4–6 mm, thickened and raised around relatively large interstylar aperture, not translucent, surrounded by withered corolla at base, dehiscence circumscissile.

Seeds

2–4, shape heterogeneous on same plant: obcompressed to weakly angled, broadly ellipsoid to transversely oblique, 1.4–1.8 × 1.2–1.6 mm, hilum region usually subterminal, rarely almost terminal.

4, angled, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid or ovoid, 1.9–2.3 × 1.9–2.3 mm, hilum region lateral.

Cuscuta indecora

Cuscuta mitriformis

Phenology Flowering Jul–Sep.
Habitat Hosts: Ageratina, Ambrosia, Bouvardia, Commelina, Desmodium, Drymaria, Encelia, Eupatorium, Lupinus, Phaseolus, Salvia, Solanum, Stevia, Thalictrum, Verbena, and others.
Elevation 1500–2500 m. (4900–8200 ft.)
Distribution
from USDA
North America; Mexico; South America; West Indies
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; Mexico
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 3 (3 in the flora).

Cuscuta indecora is closely related to C. coryli; it differs by its usually five-merous, larger flowers, uniformly densely fimbriate infrastaminal scales, and more or less translucent, globose to subglobose capsules.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Cuscuta mitriformis is relatively widespread in Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Estado de México, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Michoacán, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Querétaro, Puebla, San Luis Potosí, Veracruz, and Zacatecas) but of conservation concern in the flora area, where it is known only from the Chiricahua Mountains in Cochise County, Arizona (M. Costea et al. 2013).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Calyces shorter than corolla tubes, divided 1/3–1/2 lengths, lobes triangular-ovate, bases overlapping.
var. indecora
1. Calyces longer than corolla tubes, divided 2/3 lengths, lobes lanceolate, bases not overlapping.
→ 2
2. Flower clusters loose; calyx lobe apices acute; hosts: herbs and woody plants, including Iva annua.
var. longisepala
2. Flower clusters dense; calyx lobe apices acute-attenuate; hosts: usually Iva annua, rarely Symphyotrichum.
var. attenuata
Source FNA vol. 14. FNA vol. 14.
Parent taxa Convolvulaceae > Cuscuta > subg. Grammica Convolvulaceae > Cuscuta > subg. Grammica
Sibling taxa
C. americana, C. approximata, C. azteca, C. boldinghii, C. brachycalyx, C. californica, C. campestris, C. cephalanthi, C. chinensis, C. compacta, C. coryli, C. cuspidata, C. dentatasquamata, C. denticulata, C. draconella, C. epilinum, C. epithymum, C. erosa, C. europaea, C. exaltata, C. glabrior, C. glomerata, C. gronovii, C. harperi, C. howelliana, C. japonica, C. jepsonii, C. legitima, C. leptantha, C. liliputana, C. mitriformis, C. nevadensis, C. obtusiflora, C. occidentalis, C. odontolepis, C. pacifica, C. pentagona, C. plattensis, C. polygonorum, C. rostrata, C. runyonii, C. salina, C. squamata, C. suaveolens, C. subinclusa, C. suksdorfii, C. tuberculata, C. umbellata, C. umbrosa, C. warneri
C. americana, C. approximata, C. azteca, C. boldinghii, C. brachycalyx, C. californica, C. campestris, C. cephalanthi, C. chinensis, C. compacta, C. coryli, C. cuspidata, C. dentatasquamata, C. denticulata, C. draconella, C. epilinum, C. epithymum, C. erosa, C. europaea, C. exaltata, C. glabrior, C. glomerata, C. gronovii, C. harperi, C. howelliana, C. indecora, C. japonica, C. jepsonii, C. legitima, C. leptantha, C. liliputana, C. nevadensis, C. obtusiflora, C. occidentalis, C. odontolepis, C. pacifica, C. pentagona, C. plattensis, C. polygonorum, C. rostrata, C. runyonii, C. salina, C. squamata, C. suaveolens, C. subinclusa, C. suksdorfii, C. tuberculata, C. umbellata, C. umbrosa, C. warneri
Subordinate taxa
C. indecora var. attenuata, C. indecora var. indecora, C. indecora var. longisepala
Name authority Choisy: Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 9: 278, plate 3, fig. 3. (1842) Engelmann ex Hemsley: Diagn. Pl. Nov. Mexic. 3: 54. (1880) — (as mitraeformis)
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