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butterbush dodder, button-bush dodder

canyon dodder

Stems

yellow-orange, medium.

yellow to orange, medium.

Inflorescences

dense to loose, spiciform or paniculiform, commonly originating endogenously;

bracts at base of clusters 1 or 2, at base of pedicels and/or flowers 0 or 1, ovate, membranous, margins entire or serrulate, apex obtuse to acute.

dense, ± glomerulate;

bracts at base of clusters 1, at base of pedicels and/or flowers 0 or 1, lanceolate to ovate, membranous, margins entire, apex acute to acuminate.

Pedicels

0–1 mm.

0–1 mm.

Flowers

(3 or)4(or 5)-merous, 2–3 mm, membranous, not papillate;

calyx yellow-brown, shallowly cupulate, 1/2 corolla tube length, divided 2/3 its length, not reticulate, not shiny, lobes oblong-ovate, bases slightly overlapping, margins entire or serrulate, midvein not carinate, apex obtuse;

corolla white, drying creamy white, 1.8–2.8 mm, tube cylindric-campanulate to cylindric, 1.1–2.2 mm, not saccate, lobes spreading, ovate, 1/3–1/2 corolla tube length, margins entire, apex obtuse, straight;

infrastaminal scales oblong, rounded, 0.9–1.7 mm, shorter than to equaling corolla tube length, bridged at 0.2–0.4 mm, sparsely fimbriate, more densely distally, fimbriae 0.1–0.3 mm;

stamens included to slightly exserted, equaling corolla lobes;

filaments 0.2–0.4 mm;

anthers 0.2–0.4 × 0.2–0.4 mm;

styles filiform or narrowly terete, (0.6–)1–2 mm, equaling or longer than ovary.

5-merous, 5–7(–9 mm), membranous, papillate on corolla lobes;

calyx usually straw yellow, sometimes brown, campanulate, 1/2 corolla tube length, divided 3/5–2/3 its length, finely reticulate, shiny, lobes broadly ovate to lanceolate, bases overlapping, margins entire, midvein not carinate, apex acute, sometimes cuspidate;

corolla white, drying creamy yellow or brownish, 4.5–6.6 mm, tube cylindric, 2.5–3.5(–4.5) mm, not saccate, usually with horizontal ridges between stamen attachments, lobes spreading to reflexed, ovate-triangular, 1/4–1/3 corolla tube length, margins entire, apex acute, often slightly acuminate, straight;

infrastaminal scales oblong to spatulate, 1.5–2.2 mm, 1/2–2/3 corolla tube length, bridged at 0.3–0.7 mm, rounded, uniformly densely to sparsely fimbriate, fimbriae 0.2–0.4 mm;

stamens slightly exserted, shorter than corolla lobes;

filaments 0–0.1 mm;

anthers 0.8–2 × 0.4–0.5 mm;

styles 1–1.5 mm, equaling ovary.

Capsules

depressed-globose to globose, 2.5–3.2(–4) × 2–4 mm, not thickened or raised around relatively small interstylar aperture, not translucent, capped by withered corolla, indehiscent.

ovoid to ellipsoid, 1.5–3 × 1.2–2.5 mm, narrowed and thickened, forming collar around relatively small interstylar aperture, not translucent, capped by withered corolla, indehiscent.

Seeds

1 or 2, obcompressed, broadly ovoid, 1.4–2 × 1.3–1.4 mm, hilum region terminal.

1, usually subglobose to broadly ovoid, rarely slightly obcompressed, 1.3–1.7 × 1.2–1.5 mm, hilum region terminal.

2n

= 60.

Cuscuta cephalanthi

Cuscuta subinclusa

Phenology Flowering Jun–Oct. Flowering Apr–Oct.
Habitat stream and lake shores, marshes, and floodplain forests. forests near streams, canyon bottoms, wetlands, salt marshes.
Elevation 0–1500 m. (0–4900 ft.) 0–2000 m. (0–6600 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AR; AZ; CA; CT; DC; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; ME; MI; MN; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; WA; WI; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; ON
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[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; Mexico (Baja California)
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[BONAP county map]
Discussion

The name Cuscuta ceanothi Behr may pertain here. The type specimen of C. ceanothi was evidently destroyed, and the protologue is not sufficient to fix application of C. ceanothi to any one species of Cuscuta.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 14. FNA vol. 14.
Parent taxa Convolvulaceae > Cuscuta > subg. Grammica Convolvulaceae > Cuscuta > subg. Grammica
Sibling taxa
C. americana, C. approximata, C. azteca, C. boldinghii, C. brachycalyx, C. californica, C. campestris, C. chinensis, C. compacta, C. coryli, C. cuspidata, C. dentatasquamata, C. denticulata, C. draconella, C. epilinum, C. epithymum, C. erosa, C. europaea, C. exaltata, C. glabrior, C. glomerata, C. gronovii, C. harperi, C. howelliana, C. indecora, C. japonica, C. jepsonii, C. legitima, C. leptantha, C. liliputana, C. mitriformis, C. nevadensis, C. obtusiflora, C. occidentalis, C. odontolepis, C. pacifica, C. pentagona, C. plattensis, C. polygonorum, C. rostrata, C. runyonii, C. salina, C. squamata, C. suaveolens, C. subinclusa, C. suksdorfii, C. tuberculata, C. umbellata, C. umbrosa, C. warneri
C. americana, C. approximata, C. azteca, C. boldinghii, C. brachycalyx, C. californica, C. campestris, C. cephalanthi, C. chinensis, C. compacta, C. coryli, C. cuspidata, C. dentatasquamata, C. denticulata, C. draconella, C. epilinum, C. epithymum, C. erosa, C. europaea, C. exaltata, C. glabrior, C. glomerata, C. gronovii, C. harperi, C. howelliana, C. indecora, C. japonica, C. jepsonii, C. legitima, C. leptantha, C. liliputana, C. mitriformis, C. nevadensis, C. obtusiflora, C. occidentalis, C. odontolepis, C. pacifica, C. pentagona, C. plattensis, C. polygonorum, C. rostrata, C. runyonii, C. salina, C. squamata, C. suaveolens, C. suksdorfii, C. tuberculata, C. umbellata, C. umbrosa, C. warneri
Name authority Engelmann: Amer. J. Sci. Arts 43: 336, plate 6, figs. 1–6. (1842) Durand & Hilgard: Pl. Heermann., 42. (1854)
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