Cuscuta cephalanthi |
Cuscuta mitriformis |
|
---|---|---|
butterbush dodder, button-bush dodder |
Cochise dodder |
|
Stems | yellow-orange, medium. |
orange, medium to coarse. |
Inflorescences | dense to loose, spiciform or paniculiform, commonly originating endogenously; bracts at base of clusters 1 or 2, at base of pedicels and/or flowers 0 or 1, ovate, membranous, margins entire or serrulate, apex obtuse to acute. |
dense, corymbiform-glomerulate; bracts at base of clusters 1, at base of pedicels 0(or 1), ovate-triangular, fleshy to membranous, margins entire, apex acute. |
Pedicels | 0–1 mm. |
0.5–2 mm. |
Flowers | (3 or)4(or 5)-merous, 2–3 mm, membranous, not papillate; calyx yellow-brown, shallowly cupulate, 1/2 corolla tube length, divided 2/3 its length, not reticulate, not shiny, lobes oblong-ovate, bases slightly overlapping, margins entire or serrulate, midvein not carinate, apex obtuse; corolla white, drying creamy white, 1.8–2.8 mm, tube cylindric-campanulate to cylindric, 1.1–2.2 mm, not saccate, lobes spreading, ovate, 1/3–1/2 corolla tube length, margins entire, apex obtuse, straight; infrastaminal scales oblong, rounded, 0.9–1.7 mm, shorter than to equaling corolla tube length, bridged at 0.2–0.4 mm, sparsely fimbriate, more densely distally, fimbriae 0.1–0.3 mm; stamens included to slightly exserted, equaling corolla lobes; filaments 0.2–0.4 mm; anthers 0.2–0.4 × 0.2–0.4 mm; styles filiform or narrowly terete, (0.6–)1–2 mm, equaling or longer than ovary. |
5-merous, 4–5.5 mm, receptacle and calyx fleshy, corolla membranous, not papillate; calyx brownish, shallowly cupulate, equaling corolla tube length, divided 1/3 its length, ± reticulate and shiny, lobes broadly ovate, bases overlapping, margins entire, midvein ± carinate, apex obtuse, sometimes with an appendage; corolla white, drying creamy brown, 3.6–5 mm, tube campanulate, 1.5–3.5 mm, not saccate, lobes spreading to reflexed, broadly ovate, equaling corolla tube length, without hornlike appendages, margins entire, apex obtuse, straight; infrastaminal scales ovate to oblong, 1.5–3.5 mm, equaling corolla tube length, bridged at 0.4–0.7 mm, truncate to rounded, sparsely fimbriate (sometimes only distally), fimbriae 0.1–0.4 mm; stamens slightly exserted, shorter than corolla lobes; filaments subulate, 0.5–0.9 mm; anthers 0.5–0.9 × 0.3–0.4 mm; styles stout, subulate, 0.9–2 mm, shorter than ovary. |
Capsules | depressed-globose to globose, 2.5–3.2(–4) × 2–4 mm, not thickened or raised around relatively small interstylar aperture, not translucent, capped by withered corolla, indehiscent. |
globose, 4–7 × 4–6 mm, thickened and raised around relatively large interstylar aperture, not translucent, surrounded by withered corolla at base, dehiscence circumscissile. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, obcompressed, broadly ovoid, 1.4–2 × 1.3–1.4 mm, hilum region terminal. |
4, angled, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid or ovoid, 1.9–2.3 × 1.9–2.3 mm, hilum region lateral. |
2n | = 60. |
|
Cuscuta cephalanthi |
Cuscuta mitriformis |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Oct. | Flowering Jul–Sep. |
Habitat | stream and lake shores, marshes, and floodplain forests. | Hosts: Ageratina, Ambrosia, Bouvardia, Commelina, Desmodium, Drymaria, Encelia, Eupatorium, Lupinus, Phaseolus, Salvia, Solanum, Stevia, Thalictrum, Verbena, and others. |
Elevation | 0–1500 m. (0–4900 ft.) | 1500–2500 m. (4900–8200 ft.) |
Distribution |
AR; AZ; CA; CT; DC; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; ME; MI; MN; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; WA; WI; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; ON
|
AZ; Mexico |
Discussion | Cuscuta mitriformis is relatively widespread in Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Estado de México, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Michoacán, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Querétaro, Puebla, San Luis Potosí, Veracruz, and Zacatecas) but of conservation concern in the flora area, where it is known only from the Chiricahua Mountains in Cochise County, Arizona (M. Costea et al. 2013). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 14. | FNA vol. 14. |
Parent taxa | Convolvulaceae > Cuscuta > subg. Grammica | Convolvulaceae > Cuscuta > subg. Grammica |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Engelmann: Amer. J. Sci. Arts 43: 336, plate 6, figs. 1–6. (1842) | Engelmann ex Hemsley: Diagn. Pl. Nov. Mexic. 3: 54. (1880) — (as mitraeformis) |
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