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butterbush dodder, button-bush dodder

Stems

yellow-orange, medium.

yellow to pale orange, slender.

Inflorescences

dense to loose, spiciform or paniculiform, commonly originating endogenously;

bracts at base of clusters 1 or 2, at base of pedicels and/or flowers 0 or 1, ovate, membranous, margins entire or serrulate, apex obtuse to acute.

loose, umbelliform;

bracts at base of clusters 1, at base of pedicels 0 or 1, ovate-lanceolate, membranous, ± reticulate, shiny, margins entire, apex acute.

Pedicels

0–1 mm.

(1–)2–3(–5) mm, papillate.

Flowers

(3 or)4(or 5)-merous, 2–3 mm, membranous, not papillate;

calyx yellow-brown, shallowly cupulate, 1/2 corolla tube length, divided 2/3 its length, not reticulate, not shiny, lobes oblong-ovate, bases slightly overlapping, margins entire or serrulate, midvein not carinate, apex obtuse;

corolla white, drying creamy white, 1.8–2.8 mm, tube cylindric-campanulate to cylindric, 1.1–2.2 mm, not saccate, lobes spreading, ovate, 1/3–1/2 corolla tube length, margins entire, apex obtuse, straight;

infrastaminal scales oblong, rounded, 0.9–1.7 mm, shorter than to equaling corolla tube length, bridged at 0.2–0.4 mm, sparsely fimbriate, more densely distally, fimbriae 0.1–0.3 mm;

stamens included to slightly exserted, equaling corolla lobes;

filaments 0.2–0.4 mm;

anthers 0.2–0.4 × 0.2–0.4 mm;

styles filiform or narrowly terete, (0.6–)1–2 mm, equaling or longer than ovary.

(3 or)4-merous, 2.8–4 mm, calyx and corolla papillate;

calyx straw yellow, cylindric, equaling corolla tube length, divided 3/4 its length, ± reticulate, shiny, lobes ovate-triangular, bases not overlapping, margins entire, midvein not carinate, sometimes with multicellular protuberances, apex acute to acuminate;

corolla white, drying creamy white, 3–3.6 mm, tube cylindric, 1.5–2 mm, not saccate, lobes spreading or reflexed, lanceolate, equaling corolla tube length, margins entire, apex acute, straight;

infrastaminal scales truncate to slightly obovate, 0.8–1.2 mm, 1/4–1/3 corolla tube length, bridged at 0.1–0.2 mm, distally fimbriate, fimbriae 0.1–0.2 mm;

stamens exserted, shorter than corolla lobes;

filaments 0.5–0.8 mm;

anthers 0.3–0.5 × 0.2–0.3 mm;

styles filiform, 0.8–2.5 mm, longer than ovary.

Capsules

depressed-globose to globose, 2.5–3.2(–4) × 2–4 mm, not thickened or raised around relatively small interstylar aperture, not translucent, capped by withered corolla, indehiscent.

globose to depressed-globose, 1.5–2.2 × 0.7–1.5 mm, thickened and slightly raised or with 2–4 protuberances around relatively small interstylar aperture, translucent, capped by withered corolla, dehiscence circumscissile.

Seeds

1 or 2, obcompressed, broadly ovoid, 1.4–2 × 1.3–1.4 mm, hilum region terminal.

2–4, angled, subglobose to broadly elliptic, 0.8–1.1 × 0.7–0.8 mm, hilum subterminal.

2n

= 60.

Cuscuta cephalanthi

Cuscuta liliputana

Phenology Flowering Jun–Oct. Flowering Jul–Feb.
Habitat stream and lake shores, marshes, and floodplain forests. Host: Euphorbia subg. Chamae­syce.
Elevation 0–1500 m. (0–4900 ft.) 30–1700 m. (100–5600 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AR; AZ; CA; CT; DC; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; ME; MI; MN; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; WA; WI; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; ON
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; NM; TX
[BONAP county map]
Source FNA vol. 14. FNA vol. 14.
Parent taxa Convolvulaceae > Cuscuta > subg. Grammica Convolvulaceae > Cuscuta > subg. Grammica
Sibling taxa
C. americana, C. approximata, C. azteca, C. boldinghii, C. brachycalyx, C. californica, C. campestris, C. chinensis, C. compacta, C. coryli, C. cuspidata, C. dentatasquamata, C. denticulata, C. draconella, C. epilinum, C. epithymum, C. erosa, C. europaea, C. exaltata, C. glabrior, C. glomerata, C. gronovii, C. harperi, C. howelliana, C. indecora, C. japonica, C. jepsonii, C. legitima, C. leptantha, C. liliputana, C. mitriformis, C. nevadensis, C. obtusiflora, C. occidentalis, C. odontolepis, C. pacifica, C. pentagona, C. plattensis, C. polygonorum, C. rostrata, C. runyonii, C. salina, C. squamata, C. suaveolens, C. subinclusa, C. suksdorfii, C. tuberculata, C. umbellata, C. umbrosa, C. warneri
C. americana, C. approximata, C. azteca, C. boldinghii, C. brachycalyx, C. californica, C. campestris, C. cephalanthi, C. chinensis, C. compacta, C. coryli, C. cuspidata, C. dentatasquamata, C. denticulata, C. draconella, C. epilinum, C. epithymum, C. erosa, C. europaea, C. exaltata, C. glabrior, C. glomerata, C. gronovii, C. harperi, C. howelliana, C. indecora, C. japonica, C. jepsonii, C. legitima, C. leptantha, C. mitriformis, C. nevadensis, C. obtusiflora, C. occidentalis, C. odontolepis, C. pacifica, C. pentagona, C. plattensis, C. polygonorum, C. rostrata, C. runyonii, C. salina, C. squamata, C. suaveolens, C. subinclusa, C. suksdorfii, C. tuberculata, C. umbellata, C. umbrosa, C. warneri
Name authority Engelmann: Amer. J. Sci. Arts 43: 336, plate 6, figs. 1–6. (1842) Costea & Stefanović: Botany (Ottawa) 86: 802, fig. 4. (2008)
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