Cuscuta cephalanthi |
Cuscuta harperi |
|
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butterbush dodder, button-bush dodder |
Harper's dodder |
|
Stems | yellow-orange, medium. |
orange-yellow, filiform. |
Inflorescences | dense to loose, spiciform or paniculiform, commonly originating endogenously; bracts at base of clusters 1 or 2, at base of pedicels and/or flowers 0 or 1, ovate, membranous, margins entire or serrulate, apex obtuse to acute. |
loose, corymbiform; bracts at base of clusters 1, at base of pedicels 0(or 1), ovate-triangular, membranous, margins entire, apex acute. |
Pedicels | 0–1 mm. |
0.5–2.5(–3) mm. |
Flowers | (3 or)4(or 5)-merous, 2–3 mm, membranous, not papillate; calyx yellow-brown, shallowly cupulate, 1/2 corolla tube length, divided 2/3 its length, not reticulate, not shiny, lobes oblong-ovate, bases slightly overlapping, margins entire or serrulate, midvein not carinate, apex obtuse; corolla white, drying creamy white, 1.8–2.8 mm, tube cylindric-campanulate to cylindric, 1.1–2.2 mm, not saccate, lobes spreading, ovate, 1/3–1/2 corolla tube length, margins entire, apex obtuse, straight; infrastaminal scales oblong, rounded, 0.9–1.7 mm, shorter than to equaling corolla tube length, bridged at 0.2–0.4 mm, sparsely fimbriate, more densely distally, fimbriae 0.1–0.3 mm; stamens included to slightly exserted, equaling corolla lobes; filaments 0.2–0.4 mm; anthers 0.2–0.4 × 0.2–0.4 mm; styles filiform or narrowly terete, (0.6–)1–2 mm, equaling or longer than ovary. |
4(or 5)-merous, 0.9–1.1(–1.5) mm, fleshy, corolla lobes papillate; calyx brownish yellow, angled, cupulate, equaling corolla tube length, divided 1/2–2/3 its length, ± reticulate, rarely shiny, lobes broadly ovate-rhombic, bases ± auriculate, overlapping, forming prominent angles at sinuses, margins entire, midvein ± carinate, apex rounded; corolla white, drying cream to brownish, 0.9–1.2 mm, tube campanulate, 0.5–0.7 mm, not saccate, lobes reflexed, triangular-ovate, equaling corolla tube length, margins entire, apex subacute to acute, inflexed; infrastaminal scales narrowly oblong to obovate, 0.6–0.9 mm, equaling or longer than corolla tube length, bridged at 0.2–0.3 mm, rounded, sparsely fimbriate, fimbriae 0.1–0.3 mm; stamens exserted, slightly shorter than corolla lobes; filaments 0.1–0.2 mm; anthers 0.2–0.3 × 0.2–0.3 mm; styles filiform, 0.5–0.9 mm, shorter than ovary. |
Capsules | depressed-globose to globose, 2.5–3.2(–4) × 2–4 mm, not thickened or raised around relatively small interstylar aperture, not translucent, capped by withered corolla, indehiscent. |
globose to ovoid, 1.2–2.3 × 1.2–1.6 mm, not thickened around relatively small to moderately large interstylar aperture, ± translucent, withered corolla enveloping 1/4–1/3 of base, indehiscent. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, obcompressed, broadly ovoid, 1.4–2 × 1.3–1.4 mm, hilum region terminal. |
1 or 2, subglobose, with longitudinal groove on adaxial face, 0.9–1.1 × 0.8–1.1 mm, hilum region terminal. |
2n | = 60. |
|
Cuscuta cephalanthi |
Cuscuta harperi |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Oct. | Flowering Sep–Nov. |
Habitat | stream and lake shores, marshes, and floodplain forests. | sandstone, less frequently, granite outcrops. |
Elevation | 0–1500 m. (0–4900 ft.) | 200–600 m. (700–2000 ft.) |
Distribution |
AR; AZ; CA; CT; DC; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; ME; MI; MN; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; WA; WI; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; ON
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AL; GA |
Discussion | Cuscuta harperi is closely allied with C. pentagona (M. Costea et al. 2015), from which it differs in smaller, four-merous flowers. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 14. | FNA vol. 14. |
Parent taxa | Convolvulaceae > Cuscuta > subg. Grammica | Convolvulaceae > Cuscuta > subg. Grammica |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Engelmann: Amer. J. Sci. Arts 43: 336, plate 6, figs. 1–6. (1842) | Small: Fl. S.E. U.S. ed. 2, 1361, 1375. (1913) |
Web links |
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