The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

butterbush dodder, button-bush dodder

common dodder, cuscute de gronovius, love dodder, scaldweed

Stems

yellow-orange, medium.

yellow to orange, medium to coarse.

Inflorescences

dense to loose, spiciform or paniculiform, commonly originating endogenously;

bracts at base of clusters 1 or 2, at base of pedicels and/or flowers 0 or 1, ovate, membranous, margins entire or serrulate, apex obtuse to acute.

loose or dense, paniculiform, sometimes originating endogenously;

bracts at base of clusters 1, at base of pedicels 0 or 1, rarely 1 or 2(or 3) on pedicels, ovate to broadly triangular, membranous, margins entire or serrulate, apex acute to obtuse.

Pedicels

0–1 mm.

1–4.5 mm.

Flowers

(3 or)4(or 5)-merous, 2–3 mm, membranous, not papillate;

calyx yellow-brown, shallowly cupulate, 1/2 corolla tube length, divided 2/3 its length, not reticulate, not shiny, lobes oblong-ovate, bases slightly overlapping, margins entire or serrulate, midvein not carinate, apex obtuse;

corolla white, drying creamy white, 1.8–2.8 mm, tube cylindric-campanulate to cylindric, 1.1–2.2 mm, not saccate, lobes spreading, ovate, 1/3–1/2 corolla tube length, margins entire, apex obtuse, straight;

infrastaminal scales oblong, rounded, 0.9–1.7 mm, shorter than to equaling corolla tube length, bridged at 0.2–0.4 mm, sparsely fimbriate, more densely distally, fimbriae 0.1–0.3 mm;

stamens included to slightly exserted, equaling corolla lobes;

filaments 0.2–0.4 mm;

anthers 0.2–0.4 × 0.2–0.4 mm;

styles filiform or narrowly terete, (0.6–)1–2 mm, equaling or longer than ovary.

(4 or)5-merous, 2–4 mm, membranous, not papillate;

calyx yellow-brown, cupulate or campanulate to narrowly campanulate, 1/2 to equaling corolla tube length, divided 1/2–2/3 its length, not reticulate or shiny, lobes ovate to suborbiculate or oblong, bases barely to notably overlapping, margins entire to serrulate, midvein not carinate, apex rounded or obtuse;

corolla white fresh or dry, 1.8–4 mm, tube broadly to narrowly campanulate, 1–2.5(–3) mm, not saccate, lobes spreading to reflexed, mostly ovate, (1/4–)1/3 or 1/2 to equaling corolla tube length, margins entire, apex rounded to obtuse, straight;

infrastaminal scales oblong, 1–2.5 mm, equaling corolla tube length, bridged at 0.4–0.8 mm, sparsely fimbriate, fimbriae 0.4–0.8 mm;

stamens exserted, shorter than to equaling corolla lobes;

filaments 0.4–0.7(–1) mm;

anthers 0.3–0.6 × 0.3–0.4 mm;

styles usually filiform, sometimes slightly subulate, (0.6–)1.2–2.2 mm, shorter than to equaling ovary.

Capsules

depressed-globose to globose, 2.5–3.2(–4) × 2–4 mm, not thickened or raised around relatively small interstylar aperture, not translucent, capped by withered corolla, indehiscent.

ovoid to conic-globose or subobpyriform, 2.5–4.5(–5.2) × 2–4(–5) mm, raised and ± thickened around relatively small to moderately large interstylar aperture, rarely apically narrowed into neck to 1 mm, not translucent, loosely surrounded or capped by withered corolla, indehiscent.

Seeds

1 or 2, obcompressed, broadly ovoid, 1.4–2 × 1.3–1.4 mm, hilum region terminal.

2–4, obcompressed to obscurely angled, subglobose to broadly ovoid, 1.3–1.7(–2.2) × 1.2–1.6 mm, hilum region subterminal.

2n

= 60.

Cuscuta cephalanthi

Cuscuta gronovii

Phenology Flowering Jun–Oct.
Habitat stream and lake shores, marshes, and floodplain forests.
Elevation 0–1500 m. (0–4900 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AR; AZ; CA; CT; DC; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; ME; MI; MN; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; WA; WI; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; ON
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
North America; West Indies [Introduced in Europe]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 3 (3 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Calyces equaling corolla tube length, lobes oblong to ovate, bases barely overlapping; corolla tube broadly campanulate, 1–1.5 mm, lobes 1/2 to equaling tube length.
var. latiflora
1. Calyces 1/2 corolla tube length, lobes ovate to suborbiculate, bases overlapping; corolla tube campanulate to narrowly campanulate, 1.5–2.5(–3) mm, lobes (1/4–)1/3 tube length.
→ 2
2. Corolla tube campanulate, 1.5–2.5 mm; cap­sules loosely surrounded by withered corolla.
var. gronovii
2. Corolla tube narrowly campanulate, 2–2.5(–3) mm; capsules capped by withered corolla.
var. calyptrata
Source FNA vol. 14. FNA vol. 14.
Parent taxa Convolvulaceae > Cuscuta > subg. Grammica Convolvulaceae > Cuscuta > subg. Grammica
Sibling taxa
C. americana, C. approximata, C. azteca, C. boldinghii, C. brachycalyx, C. californica, C. campestris, C. chinensis, C. compacta, C. coryli, C. cuspidata, C. dentatasquamata, C. denticulata, C. draconella, C. epilinum, C. epithymum, C. erosa, C. europaea, C. exaltata, C. glabrior, C. glomerata, C. gronovii, C. harperi, C. howelliana, C. indecora, C. japonica, C. jepsonii, C. legitima, C. leptantha, C. liliputana, C. mitriformis, C. nevadensis, C. obtusiflora, C. occidentalis, C. odontolepis, C. pacifica, C. pentagona, C. plattensis, C. polygonorum, C. rostrata, C. runyonii, C. salina, C. squamata, C. suaveolens, C. subinclusa, C. suksdorfii, C. tuberculata, C. umbellata, C. umbrosa, C. warneri
C. americana, C. approximata, C. azteca, C. boldinghii, C. brachycalyx, C. californica, C. campestris, C. cephalanthi, C. chinensis, C. compacta, C. coryli, C. cuspidata, C. dentatasquamata, C. denticulata, C. draconella, C. epilinum, C. epithymum, C. erosa, C. europaea, C. exaltata, C. glabrior, C. glomerata, C. harperi, C. howelliana, C. indecora, C. japonica, C. jepsonii, C. legitima, C. leptantha, C. liliputana, C. mitriformis, C. nevadensis, C. obtusiflora, C. occidentalis, C. odontolepis, C. pacifica, C. pentagona, C. plattensis, C. polygonorum, C. rostrata, C. runyonii, C. salina, C. squamata, C. suaveolens, C. subinclusa, C. suksdorfii, C. tuberculata, C. umbellata, C. umbrosa, C. warneri
Subordinate taxa
C. gronovii var. calyptrata, C. gronovii var. gronovii, C. gronovii var. latiflora
Name authority Engelmann: Amer. J. Sci. Arts 43: 336, plate 6, figs. 1–6. (1842) Willdenow in J. J. Roemer et al.: Syst. Veg. 6: 205. (1820)
Web links