Cuscuta cephalanthi |
Cuscuta glabrior |
|
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butterbush dodder, button-bush dodder |
bushclover dodder |
|
Stems | yellow-orange, medium. |
orange, medium. |
Inflorescences | dense to loose, spiciform or paniculiform, commonly originating endogenously; bracts at base of clusters 1 or 2, at base of pedicels and/or flowers 0 or 1, ovate, membranous, margins entire or serrulate, apex obtuse to acute. |
loose to compact, glomerulate or corymbiform; bracts at base of clusters 1, at base of pedicels 0 or 1, ovate or ovate-triangular to lanceolate, membranous, margins entire, apex acute. |
Pedicels | 0–1 mm. |
0.8–4(–5) mm, sometimes papillate. |
Flowers | (3 or)4(or 5)-merous, 2–3 mm, membranous, not papillate; calyx yellow-brown, shallowly cupulate, 1/2 corolla tube length, divided 2/3 its length, not reticulate, not shiny, lobes oblong-ovate, bases slightly overlapping, margins entire or serrulate, midvein not carinate, apex obtuse; corolla white, drying creamy white, 1.8–2.8 mm, tube cylindric-campanulate to cylindric, 1.1–2.2 mm, not saccate, lobes spreading, ovate, 1/3–1/2 corolla tube length, margins entire, apex obtuse, straight; infrastaminal scales oblong, rounded, 0.9–1.7 mm, shorter than to equaling corolla tube length, bridged at 0.2–0.4 mm, sparsely fimbriate, more densely distally, fimbriae 0.1–0.3 mm; stamens included to slightly exserted, equaling corolla lobes; filaments 0.2–0.4 mm; anthers 0.2–0.4 × 0.2–0.4 mm; styles filiform or narrowly terete, (0.6–)1–2 mm, equaling or longer than ovary. |
5-merous, 2.5–3.8 mm, membranous, perianth and ovary papillate; calyx yellow to reddish brown, cupulate, ± equaling corolla tube length, divided 1/2–2/3 its length, ± reticulate, shiny, lobes ovate-triangular, bases not overlapping, margins entire, midvein not carinate, without multicellular protuberances, apex obtuse to subacute; corolla white, drying yellow to reddish brown, 1.4–3.4 mm, tube campanulate, later globose, 1.1–1.8 mm, saccate between lines of stamen attachments, lobes spreading to reflexed, triangular, equaling corolla tube length, margins entire, apex acute to acuminate, inflexed; infrastaminal scales ovate to spatulate, 1.2–2 mm, equaling or longer than corolla tube length, bridged at 0.3–0.5 mm, rounded, uniformly densely fimbriate, fimbriae 0.3–0.7 mm; stamens exserted, shorter than corolla lobes; filaments 0.4–0.7 mm; anthers 0.4–0.7 × 0.4–0.5 mm; styles filiform, 0.9–1.6 mm, equaling or longer than ovary. |
Capsules | depressed-globose to globose, 2.5–3.2(–4) × 2–4 mm, not thickened or raised around relatively small interstylar aperture, not translucent, capped by withered corolla, indehiscent. |
depressed-globose to depressed, 1.5–2.8 × 2.1–3.5 mm, not thickened or raised around relatively mid-sized to large interstylar aperture, not translucent, 1/2–2/3 of base enveloped by withered corolla, indehiscent. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, obcompressed, broadly ovoid, 1.4–2 × 1.3–1.4 mm, hilum region terminal. |
2–4, angled, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid, 0.9–1.1 × 0.8–1 mm, hilum region subterminal. |
2n | = 60. |
|
Cuscuta cephalanthi |
Cuscuta glabrior |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Oct. | Flowering Apr–Sep. |
Habitat | stream and lake shores, marshes, and floodplain forests. | Hosts: Amaranthus, Ambrosia, Amphiachyris, Asclepias, Convolvulus, Coreopsis, Croton, Dalea, Dyschoriste, Evolvulus, Gilia, Hedeoma, Helenium, Justicia, Lespedeza, Liatris, Machaeranthera, Medicago, Mimosa, Oenothera, Plantago, Polygonum, Prosopis, Ruellia, Solanum, Symphyotrichum, Thelesperma, Tragia, Verbena, and other herbs. |
Elevation | 0–1500 m. (0–4900 ft.) | 10–1200 m. (0–3900 ft.) |
Distribution |
AR; AZ; CA; CT; DC; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; ME; MI; MN; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; WA; WI; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; ON
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LA; NM; OK; TX; UT; Mexico |
Discussion | Cuscuta glabrior differs from C. campestris by papillate perianths, non-overlapping calyx lobe bases, corollas saccate between lines of stamen attachments, and capsules more than half enveloped by withered corolla. Cuscuta glabrior is currently included in North American noxious weed lists although it is not known to attack any crops. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 14. | FNA vol. 14. |
Parent taxa | Convolvulaceae > Cuscuta > subg. Grammica | Convolvulaceae > Cuscuta > subg. Grammica |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. verrucosa var. glabrior, C. glabrior var. pubescens, C. pentagona var. glabrior, C. pentagona var. pubescens | |
Name authority | Engelmann: Amer. J. Sci. Arts 43: 336, plate 6, figs. 1–6. (1842) | (Engelmann) Yuncker: Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 18: 140. (1932) |
Web links |
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