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butterbush dodder, button-bush dodder

greater dodder

Stems

yellow-orange, medium.

yellowish to reddish, medium to coarse.

Inflorescences

dense to loose, spiciform or paniculiform, commonly originating endogenously;

bracts at base of clusters 1 or 2, at base of pedicels and/or flowers 0 or 1, ovate, membranous, margins entire or serrulate, apex obtuse to acute.

bracts ovate to lanceolate, membranous, margins entire, apex obtuse to acute.

Pedicels

0–1 mm.

0–1.5 mm.

Flowers

(3 or)4(or 5)-merous, 2–3 mm, membranous, not papillate;

calyx yellow-brown, shallowly cupulate, 1/2 corolla tube length, divided 2/3 its length, not reticulate, not shiny, lobes oblong-ovate, bases slightly overlapping, margins entire or serrulate, midvein not carinate, apex obtuse;

corolla white, drying creamy white, 1.8–2.8 mm, tube cylindric-campanulate to cylindric, 1.1–2.2 mm, not saccate, lobes spreading, ovate, 1/3–1/2 corolla tube length, margins entire, apex obtuse, straight;

infrastaminal scales oblong, rounded, 0.9–1.7 mm, shorter than to equaling corolla tube length, bridged at 0.2–0.4 mm, sparsely fimbriate, more densely distally, fimbriae 0.1–0.3 mm;

stamens included to slightly exserted, equaling corolla lobes;

filaments 0.2–0.4 mm;

anthers 0.2–0.4 × 0.2–0.4 mm;

styles filiform or narrowly terete, (0.6–)1–2 mm, equaling or longer than ovary.

4(or 5)-merous, 3–5 mm, fleshy;

papillae absent;

calyx creamy yellow to brownish, cupulate to obconic, shorter than to equaling corolla tube length, divided 1/2–3/4 its length, not reticulate or shiny, lobes ovate to triangular-ovate, bases not overlapping, margins entire, apex obtuse to rounded;

corolla white or pink, drying yellow-brown, campanulate to urceolate, 2.2–4.7 mm, tube 1.7–3.3 mm, not saccate, lobes usually erect, sometimes spreading, triangular-ovate, 1/3–1/2 corolla tube length, margins entire, apex obtuse to truncate, straight;

infrastaminal scales oblong, often 2-fid, 1–1.2 mm, 1/2 corolla tube length, bridged at 0.4–0.6 mm, short-fimbriate apically, fimbriae 0.1–0.3 mm;

stamens included, shorter than corolla lobes;

filaments 0.2–0.5 mm;

anthers 0.2–0.5 × 0.2–0.4 mm;

styles terete;

style plus stigmas 0.6–1.2 mm, shorter than ovary;

stigmas cylindric to clavate, 0.3–0.6 mm, shorter than to equaling styles.

Capsules

depressed-globose to globose, 2.5–3.2(–4) × 2–4 mm, not thickened or raised around relatively small interstylar aperture, not translucent, capped by withered corolla, indehiscent.

ovoid, globose-conic, or pyriform, 1.6–4 × 2–4 mm, not thickened or raised around interstylar aperture, ± translucent, capped by withered corolla.

Seeds

1 or 2, obcompressed, broadly ovoid, 1.4–2 × 1.3–1.4 mm, hilum region terminal.

2–4, angled, subglobose, broadly ellipsoid, or ovoid, 1.2–1.5 × 0.9–1.3 mm, hilum region terminal.

2n

= 60.

= 14.

Cuscuta cephalanthi

Cuscuta europaea

Phenology Flowering Jun–Oct. Flowering Jul–Sep.
Habitat stream and lake shores, marshes, and floodplain forests. it can parasitize numerous other hosts both herbaceous and woody.
Elevation 0–1500 m. (0–4900 ft.) 20–200 m. (100–700 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AR; AZ; CA; CT; DC; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; ME; MI; MN; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; WA; WI; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; ON
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
ME; NY; Europe [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South America, Asia (China, Japan), n Africa]
[BONAP county map]
Source FNA vol. 14. FNA vol. 14.
Parent taxa Convolvulaceae > Cuscuta > subg. Grammica Convolvulaceae > Cuscuta > subg. Cuscuta
Sibling taxa
C. americana, C. approximata, C. azteca, C. boldinghii, C. brachycalyx, C. californica, C. campestris, C. chinensis, C. compacta, C. coryli, C. cuspidata, C. dentatasquamata, C. denticulata, C. draconella, C. epilinum, C. epithymum, C. erosa, C. europaea, C. exaltata, C. glabrior, C. glomerata, C. gronovii, C. harperi, C. howelliana, C. indecora, C. japonica, C. jepsonii, C. legitima, C. leptantha, C. liliputana, C. mitriformis, C. nevadensis, C. obtusiflora, C. occidentalis, C. odontolepis, C. pacifica, C. pentagona, C. plattensis, C. polygonorum, C. rostrata, C. runyonii, C. salina, C. squamata, C. suaveolens, C. subinclusa, C. suksdorfii, C. tuberculata, C. umbellata, C. umbrosa, C. warneri
C. americana, C. approximata, C. azteca, C. boldinghii, C. brachycalyx, C. californica, C. campestris, C. cephalanthi, C. chinensis, C. compacta, C. coryli, C. cuspidata, C. dentatasquamata, C. denticulata, C. draconella, C. epilinum, C. epithymum, C. erosa, C. exaltata, C. glabrior, C. glomerata, C. gronovii, C. harperi, C. howelliana, C. indecora, C. japonica, C. jepsonii, C. legitima, C. leptantha, C. liliputana, C. mitriformis, C. nevadensis, C. obtusiflora, C. occidentalis, C. odontolepis, C. pacifica, C. pentagona, C. plattensis, C. polygonorum, C. rostrata, C. runyonii, C. salina, C. squamata, C. suaveolens, C. subinclusa, C. suksdorfii, C. tuberculata, C. umbellata, C. umbrosa, C. warneri
Name authority Engelmann: Amer. J. Sci. Arts 43: 336, plate 6, figs. 1–6. (1842) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 124. (1753)
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