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butterbush dodder, button-bush dodder

San Joaquin dodder

Stems

yellow-orange, medium.

yellow to orange, medium.

Inflorescences

dense to loose, spiciform or paniculiform, commonly originating endogenously;

bracts at base of clusters 1 or 2, at base of pedicels and/or flowers 0 or 1, ovate, membranous, margins entire or serrulate, apex obtuse to acute.

dense to loose, paniculiform;

bracts at base of clusters 1, at base of pedicels 0 or 1, lanceolate, membranous, margins entire, apex acute to acuminate.

Pedicels

0–1 mm.

1–6 mm.

Flowers

(3 or)4(or 5)-merous, 2–3 mm, membranous, not papillate;

calyx yellow-brown, shallowly cupulate, 1/2 corolla tube length, divided 2/3 its length, not reticulate, not shiny, lobes oblong-ovate, bases slightly overlapping, margins entire or serrulate, midvein not carinate, apex obtuse;

corolla white, drying creamy white, 1.8–2.8 mm, tube cylindric-campanulate to cylindric, 1.1–2.2 mm, not saccate, lobes spreading, ovate, 1/3–1/2 corolla tube length, margins entire, apex obtuse, straight;

infrastaminal scales oblong, rounded, 0.9–1.7 mm, shorter than to equaling corolla tube length, bridged at 0.2–0.4 mm, sparsely fimbriate, more densely distally, fimbriae 0.1–0.3 mm;

stamens included to slightly exserted, equaling corolla lobes;

filaments 0.2–0.4 mm;

anthers 0.2–0.4 × 0.2–0.4 mm;

styles filiform or narrowly terete, (0.6–)1–2 mm, equaling or longer than ovary.

5-merous, 4.5–6 mm, fleshy at base (receptacle and calyx base), not papillate;

calyx brownish, campanulate-cupulate, 1/4–1/2 corolla tube length, divided 2/3 its length, not reticulate and shiny, lobes triangular-ovate, bases slightly overlapping, margins entire, midvein not carinate, apex acute;

corolla white, drying creamy brown, 4.4–5.8 mm, tube campanulate-cylindric, becoming urceolate, 2–3.5 mm, saccate or with horizontal ridges between stamen attachments, lobes reflexed, lanceolate, somewhat shorter than to equaling corolla tube length, margins entire, apex acute, straight;

infrastaminal scales absent;

stamens exserted, shorter than corolla lobes;

filaments 0.3–0.6 mm;

anthers 0.7–1.1 × 0.3–5.5 mm;

styles filiform, 1.2–3 mm, equaling or longer than ovary.

Capsules

depressed-globose to globose, 2.5–3.2(–4) × 2–4 mm, not thickened or raised around relatively small interstylar aperture, not translucent, capped by withered corolla, indehiscent.

globose to obovoid, 1.6–2.3 × 1.8–2.5 mm, apically enlarged or thickened, surrounded and capped by withered corolla, top not or barely visible, interstylar aperture not visible, indehiscent.

Seeds

1 or 2, obcompressed, broadly ovoid, 1.4–2 × 1.3–1.4 mm, hilum region terminal.

1–4, obcompressed, broadly ellipsoid to obovoid, 0.9–1.4 × 0.8–1.2 mm, hilum region lateral.

2n

= 60.

Cuscuta cephalanthi

Cuscuta brachycalyx

Phenology Flowering Jun–Oct. Flowering Jun–Sep.
Habitat stream and lake shores, marshes, and floodplain forests. chaparral, dry grasslands, and open places in Pinus ponderosa and Abies magnifica forests.
Elevation 0–1500 m. (0–4900 ft.) 30–2500 m. (100–8200 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AR; AZ; CA; CT; DC; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; ME; MI; MN; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; WA; WI; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; ON
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; OR
[BONAP county map]
Source FNA vol. 14. FNA vol. 14.
Parent taxa Convolvulaceae > Cuscuta > subg. Grammica Convolvulaceae > Cuscuta > subg. Grammica
Sibling taxa
C. americana, C. approximata, C. azteca, C. boldinghii, C. brachycalyx, C. californica, C. campestris, C. chinensis, C. compacta, C. coryli, C. cuspidata, C. dentatasquamata, C. denticulata, C. draconella, C. epilinum, C. epithymum, C. erosa, C. europaea, C. exaltata, C. glabrior, C. glomerata, C. gronovii, C. harperi, C. howelliana, C. indecora, C. japonica, C. jepsonii, C. legitima, C. leptantha, C. liliputana, C. mitriformis, C. nevadensis, C. obtusiflora, C. occidentalis, C. odontolepis, C. pacifica, C. pentagona, C. plattensis, C. polygonorum, C. rostrata, C. runyonii, C. salina, C. squamata, C. suaveolens, C. subinclusa, C. suksdorfii, C. tuberculata, C. umbellata, C. umbrosa, C. warneri
C. americana, C. approximata, C. azteca, C. boldinghii, C. californica, C. campestris, C. cephalanthi, C. chinensis, C. compacta, C. coryli, C. cuspidata, C. dentatasquamata, C. denticulata, C. draconella, C. epilinum, C. epithymum, C. erosa, C. europaea, C. exaltata, C. glabrior, C. glomerata, C. gronovii, C. harperi, C. howelliana, C. indecora, C. japonica, C. jepsonii, C. legitima, C. leptantha, C. liliputana, C. mitriformis, C. nevadensis, C. obtusiflora, C. occidentalis, C. odontolepis, C. pacifica, C. pentagona, C. plattensis, C. polygonorum, C. rostrata, C. runyonii, C. salina, C. squamata, C. suaveolens, C. subinclusa, C. suksdorfii, C. tuberculata, C. umbellata, C. umbrosa, C. warneri
Synonyms C. californica var. brachycalyx, C. brachycalyx var. apodanthera
Name authority Engelmann: Amer. J. Sci. Arts 43: 336, plate 6, figs. 1–6. (1842) (Yuncker) Yuncker: Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 18: 159. (1932)
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