Cuphea viscosissima |
Cuphea aspera |
|
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blue waxweed, clammy cuphea, clammy waxweed |
tropical waxweed |
|
Habit | Herbs annual, 1–6 dm, with fibrous roots. | Herbs perennial, 2.5–5 dm, with woody xylopodium. |
Stems | erect to decumbent, often reddish, much-branched, purple-red glandular-setose, glandular-viscid. |
erect, usually unbranched, sometimes with 1 or 2 long branches from near base, minutely white-strigose and purple glandular-setose, especially viscid on youngest internodes. |
Leaves | 3- or 4-whorled at mid stem, sessile; blade lanceolate, or linear distally, 10–25 × 1.5–5 mm, base rounded. |
|
Racemes | leafy. |
bracteate, ± terminal. |
Pedicels | 1–5 mm. |
4–25 mm. |
Flowers | alternate, solitary, interpetiolar, sometimes with 1 axillary; floral tube pale abaxially, deep purple-red adaxially, 8–12 × 1–2 mm, purple-red glandular-setose; base rounded or a descending spur, 0.5–1 mm; inner surface glabrous proximally, densely villous distal to stamens; epicalyx segments thick, 2 flanking the adaxialmost sepal terminated by a bristle; sepals unequal, adaxialmost longer; petals 6, purple, oblanceolate, unequal, 4 abaxial petals 2–5 × 0.4–0.6 mm, 2 upper petals 3–6 × 1.5–2.5 mm; stamens (5–)11, reaching or surpassing sinus of sepals. |
opposite or 3- or 4-whorled; floral tube often fading abaxially, red-purple to rose adaxially, 7–9 × 1–2 mm, white-strigose, veins purple glandular-setose; base rounded or a descending spur, 1 mm; inner surface glabrous proximally, villous distal to stamens; epicalyx segments thick, often terminated by a bristle; sepals equal; petals 6, pale purple or pink, cuneate-oblong, subequal, 3–4.5 × 0.6–1 mm; stamens 11, reaching or surpassing sinus of sepals. |
Seeds | 7–10, oblong-elliptic in outline, 2.3–2.8 × 1.8–2.3 mm, margin rounded. |
3, orbiculate in outline, 2.5 × 2.5 mm, margin rounded. |
Leavesopposite | , petiolate; petiole (2–)5–15(–20) mm; blade narrowly lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 20–50 × 6–20 mm, base attenuate. |
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2n | = 12. |
= 48. |
Cuphea viscosissima |
Cuphea aspera |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer–fall. | Flowering early–late summer. |
Habitat | Weedy in pastures, roadsides, ditches, grassy borders, disturbed moist woods along trails. | Pine flatwoods, sandy soil. |
Elevation | 0–900 m. (0–3000 ft.) | 0–200 m. (0–700 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WV; ON
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FL |
Discussion | Cuphea viscosissima of the eastern and central United States is the most common and widespread species of Cuphea in the flora area; it is naturalized in Ontario. It is closely related to C. lanceolata W. T. Aiton of eastern and central Mexico, with which it shares the lowest known chromosome number in the genus, 2n = 12. The stamen number is typically 11, but varies in some populations (W. H. Duncan 1950). Cuphea petiolata (Linnaeus) Koehne is an illegitimate name that pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Cuphea aspera is known from Calhoun, Franklin, and Gulf counties. Its morphological relationships are with species of eastern Brazil. An ancestral form may have been carried northward from Brazil along the storm tracks that are noted for passage across the Apalachicola area where this species persists. It is listed in the Center for Plant Conservation’s National Collection of Endangered Plants. Parsonsia lythroides Small is an illegitimate name that pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 10. | FNA vol. 10. |
Parent taxa | Lythraceae > Cuphea | Lythraceae > Cuphea |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Lythrum petiolatum, Parsonsia petiolata | |
Name authority | Jacquin: Hort. Bot. Vindob. 2: 83, plate 177. (1772) | Chapman: Fl. South. U.S., 135. (1860) |
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