Flora of North America species comparison

erect to obliquely ascending, stolons absent.

monomorphic, evergreen or dying back in winter.

2/3 to equaling length of blade, base not swollen;

vascular bundles more than 3, arranged in an arc, ± round in cross section.

lanceolate to deltate, 1–4-pinnate-pinnatifid, gradually reduced distally to confluent, pinnatifid apex, herbaceous.

not articulate to rachis, segment margins nearly entire to crenulate, ciliate;

proximal pinnae not reduced, sometimes basal pair much the longest, sessile to petiolulate, equilateral or inequilateral with basiscopic side more developed (pinnules noticeably longer);

costae adaxially rounded or flat, not grooved;

indument of linear to lanceolate scales and often multicellular glandular hairs abaxially, of multicellular reddish hairs adaxially.

free, simple or forked.

in 1 row between midrib and margin, round;

indusia round-reniform, attached at narrow sinus, sometimes small or seemingly absent, persistent or caducous.

brownish, usually spiny, sometimes prominently cristate, rarely finely reticulate.

= 41.