Croton wigginsii |
Croton fruticulosus |
|
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Wiggins' croton |
bush croton, encinilla, hierba loca, shrubby croton |
|
Habit | Shrubs, 2–10 dm, dioecious. | Shrubs, 2–10 dm, monoecious. |
Stems | densely branched, appressed-lepidote. |
much branched distally, stellate-hairy. |
Leaves | not clustered; stipules absent; petiole 1–4 cm, usually less than 1/2 blade length, glands absent at apex; blade narrowly elliptic to linear-oblong, 2–8.5 × 0.6–1.5 cm, more than 2 times as long as wide, base obtuse, margins entire, apex obtuse to rounded, abaxial surface pale green, adaxial surface darker green, both densely pale stellate-lepidote. |
not clustered; stipules rudimentary or absent; petiole 0.4–1(–1.5) cm, 1/8–1/5 blade length, glands absent at apex; blade ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 2–8 × 2–4 cm, base truncate to cordate, margins serrulate, often slightly undulate, apex attenuate, acute, abaxial surface pale green, stellate-hairy, adaxial surface darker green, puberulent. |
Inflorescences | unisexual, racemes or thyrses; staminate 1–3.5(–10) cm, flowers 3–8(–15); pistillate 0.5–1 cm, flowers 1–6. |
bisexual, racemes, 3–12 cm, staminate flowers 10–20, pistillate flowers 2–5. |
Pedicels | staminate 1–7 mm, pistillate 1–2 mm (4–7 mm in fruit). |
staminate 2.5–4 mm, pistillate 0–0.5 mm. |
Staminate flowers | sepals 5, 1 mm, abaxial surface stellate-hairy; petals 0; stamens 10–15. |
sepals 5, 0.8–1.2 mm, abaxial surface stellate-tomentose; petals 5, oblanceolate to spatulate, 2 mm, abaxial surface glabrous except margins densely fimbrillate-villous; stamens 9–16. |
Pistillate flowers | sepals 5, equal, 2 mm, margins entire, apex incurved, abaxial surface stellate-lepidote; petals 0; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 1.5–2.5 mm, 2–3 times 2-fid, terminal segments 12–24. |
sepals 5, equal, 2.2 mm, margins entire, apex incurved, abaxial surface stellate-hairy; petals 0; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 3–4.5 mm, 2-fid to base, terminal segments 6. |
Capsules | 7–10 × 6–8 mm, smooth; columella 3-winged. |
5–6 mm diam., smooth; columella apex with 3 rounded, inflated lobes. |
Seeds | 6.5–7 × 2–3 mm, dull. |
4–5 × 3.2–3.8 mm, shiny. |
2n | = 28. |
|
Croton wigginsii |
Croton fruticulosus |
|
Phenology | Flowering Feb–May. | Flowering May–Dec. |
Habitat | Sand dunes. | Limestone or basalt hills. |
Elevation | 10–100 m. (0–300 ft.) | 100–1700 m. (300–5600 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; Mexico (Baja California, Sonora)
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AZ; NM; TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas)
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Discussion | Croton wigginsii is closely related to C. californicus but more robust in its habit and floral features, and is restricted to sand dunes in a limited area of the Sonoran Desert. In the flora area, C. wigginsii is known only from Yuma County, Arizona, and Imperial County, California. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Croton fruticulosus is known in the flora area from southeastern Arizona through southern New Mexico and trans-Pecos Texas to the Edwards Plateau. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 224. | FNA vol. 12, p. 214. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. arenicola | |
Name authority | L. C. Wheeler: Contr. Gray Herb. 124: 37. (1939) | Engelmann ex Torrey: in W. H. Emory, Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. 2(1): 194. (1859) — (as fruticulosum) |
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