Croton texensis |
Croton sonorae |
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doveweed, goatweed, skunkweed, Texas croton |
Sonora croton, Sonoran croton |
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Habit | Herbs, annual, 2–7(–9) dm, dioecious. | Shrubs, 8–16 dm, monoecious. |
Stems | loosely branched distally, stellate-hairy. |
much-branched distally, canescent when young, becoming glabrate. |
Leaves | not clustered; stipules absent; petiole 0.3–2 cm, glands absent at apex; blade narrowly ovate-oblong to linear-lanceolate, 1–5 × 0.5–2 cm, base truncate to rounded or subcordate, margins entire, apex rounded to acute, abaxial surface pale green, densely whitish appressed stellate-hairy, adaxial surface darker green, less hairy. |
sometimes clustered near inflorescences; stipules subulate, to 1 mm; petiole 0.4–1 cm, 1/4–1/2 leaf blade length, glands absent at apex; blade ovate to broadly lanceolate, 0.8–4 × 0.6–2 cm, base cuneate to rounded or cordate, margins entire, not undulate, ciliate-glandular, apex acute to acuminate, abaxial surface pale green, sparsely whitish stellate-hairy, adaxial surface darker green, glabrate. |
Inflorescences | unisexual; staminate racemes or irregularly branched panicles, 2–8 cm, flowers 10–30; pistillate racemes, 1–2 cm, flowers 1–6. |
bisexual or staminate, racemes, 2–14 cm, staminate flowers 10–25, pistillate flowers 3–5(–8). |
Pedicels | staminate 2–3 mm, pistillate 1–3 mm. |
staminate 1–1.5 mm, pistillate 1–4 mm. |
Staminate flowers | sepals 5, 1–2 mm, abaxial surface densely whitish appressed stellate-hairy; petals 0; stamens 8–12. |
sepals 5, 1–1.5 mm, abaxial surface sparsely stellate-hairy; petals 5, lanceolate, 1.5–2 mm, abaxial surface glabrous except margins villous; stamens 13–16. |
Pistillate flowers | sepals 5, equal, 1–1.5 mm, margins entire, apex incurved, abaxial surface densely stipitate-stellate-hairy; petals 0; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 1–2 mm, multifid, terminal segments 12–32+. |
sepals 5, equal, 1.5–2 mm, margins entire, apex incurved, abaxial surface sparsely stellate-hairy; petals papillae, 0.5 mm; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 2–3 mm, 2-fid, terminal segments 6. |
Capsules | 5–8 × 4–5.5 mm, verrucose; columella 3-winged. |
7–8 × 5–6 mm, smooth; columella apex with 3 rounded, inflated lobes. |
Seeds | 3.5–4 × 2.5–3 mm, shiny. |
6–7 × 3–4 mm, shiny. |
2n | = 28. |
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Croton texensis |
Croton sonorae |
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Phenology | Flowering Jun–Nov. | Flowering Jul–Sep. |
Habitat | Prairies, sandy creek beds, old fields, canyons, disturbed areas. | Rocky slopes, desert scrub. |
Elevation | 50–2000 m. (200–6600 ft.) | 500–1100 m. (1600–3600 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AZ; CO; DE; FL; IA; IL; KS; MD; MO; NE; NM; OK; SD; TX; UT; WI; WV; WY; Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora)
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AZ; Mexico (Baja California, Sonora)
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Discussion | Croton texensis, despite being annual, grows larger than the related perennial C. dioicus. Croton texensis has verrucose fruits similar to those of the closely related C. parksii. There is a single specimen of Croton texensis from Massachusetts, collected at a dump in Boston in 1890, but the species did not become established there. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Croton sonorae is widely distributed in Mexico and extends into southern Arizona in Maricopa, Pima, and Pinal counties. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 224. | FNA vol. 12, p. 223. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Hendecandra texensis, C. luteovirens, C. texensis var. utahensis, C. virens | C. attenuatus, C. pringlei |
Name authority | (Klotzsch) Müller Arg.: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 692. (1866) | Torrey: in W. H. Emory, Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. 2(1): 194. (1859) |
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