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beach tea, gulf croton, hierba de jabalí

leatherweed, leatherweed croton

Habit Shrubs, 3–10 dm, monoecious or sometimes appearing dioecious. Herbs, perennial, 1–6 dm, monoecious or dioecious.
Stems

trichotomously branching, stellate-hairy to stellate-lepidote.

several from base, sparsely branched distally, stellate-hairy.

Leaves

not clustered;

stipules absent;

petiole 1–4 cm, 1/2 to equal blade length, glands absent at apex;

blade broadly elliptic to suborbiculate, 2–5 × 1.5–4 cm, much less than 2 times as long as wide, base rounded to truncate, margins entire, apex obtuse to rounded, abaxial surface pale grayish green, stellate-lepidote, adaxial surface slightly darker green, stellate-lepidote.

sometimes clustered near inflorescences;

stipules rudimentary;

petiole 0.5–2 cm, glands absent at apex;

blade ovate-oblong, proximal rounder, distal more ovate-elliptic, 1–6 × 1–3 cm, base rounded, margins entire, apex rounded to acute, both surfaces pale to ashy green, softly stellate-hairy.

Inflorescences

unisexual or bisexual, racemes, 1–4 cm, staminate flowers 3–7, pistillate flowers 1–3.

bisexual or unisexual, racemes, 0.5–2.5 cm, staminate and pistillate flowers each (12–)20–25.

Pedicels

staminate 2–4 mm, pistillate 0–1 mm.

staminate 1.5–6 mm, pistillate 1–3.5 mm, ± recurved in fruit.

Staminate flowers

sepals 5–6, 2.5 mm, abaxial surface stellate-lepidote;

petals 0;

stamens 10–13.

sepals (4–)5, 1–1.5 mm, abaxial surface densely stellate-hairy;

petals (4–)5, oblong-lanceolate, 1–1.3 mm, abaxial surface glabrous except margins villous;

stamens 10–15.

Pistillate flowers

sepals 5, equal, 3–3.5 mm, margins entire, apex incurved, abaxial surface stellate-lepidote;

petals 0;

ovary 3-locular;

styles 3, 1–2 mm, multifid, terminal segments 12–24.

sepals 5, equal, 1.5–3 mm, margins entire, apex straight to slightly incurved, abaxial surface glabrous except stellate-hairy at apex;

petals 0;

ovary 3-locular;

styles 3, 0.5–4.5 mm, 2-fid to base, terminal segments 6.

Capsules

5–8 × 7–9 mm, smooth;

columella 3-winged.

4–6(–7) × 4–5 mm, smooth;

columella apex with 3 sharp projections.

Seeds

4.5–6 × 3.7–4.5 mm, dull.

3.5–4 × 2–2.5 mm, shiny.

2n

= 28.

= 20.

Croton punctatus

Croton pottsii

Phenology Flowering year-round.
Habitat Beaches, dunes.
Elevation 0–20 m. (0–100 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX; e Mexico; Central America; West Indies; n South America
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; NM; TX; n Mexico; c Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

A report of Croton punctatus from Pennsylvania apparently was based on a transient appearance on ballast (E. T. Wherry et al. 1979).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

The affinities of Croton pottsii lie with C. lindheimerianus and C. monanthogynus.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Stems straight; erect radii of stellate hairs shorter than lateral radii, thus pubescence appearing appressed and smooth; leaf blades 1.6–6 cm; racemes mostly 1.1–2.5 cm; styles 1.1–4.5 mm; capsules 4–6(–7) mm.
var. pottsii
1. Stems somewhat zigzag; erect radii of stellate hairs longer than lateral radii, thus pubescence appearing ± shaggy; leaf blades usually 1–1.4 cm; racemes mostly 0.5–0.9 cm; styles usually 0.5–1 mm; capsules 4 mm.
var. thermophilus
Source FNA vol. 12, p. 222. FNA vol. 12, p. 221.
Parent taxa Euphorbiaceae > Croton Euphorbiaceae > Croton
Sibling taxa
C. alabamensis, C. argenteus, C. argyranthemus, C. californicus, C. capitatus, C. ciliatoglandulifer, C. cortesianus, C. coryi, C. dioicus, C. elliottii, C. fruticulosus, C. glandulosus, C. heptalon, C. humilis, C. incanus, C. leucophyllus, C. lindheimeri, C. lindheimerianus, C. linearis, C. michauxii, C. monanthogynus, C. parksii, C. pottsii, C. sancti-lazari, C. setigerus, C. soliman, C. sonorae, C. suaveolens, C. texensis, C. wigginsii
C. alabamensis, C. argenteus, C. argyranthemus, C. californicus, C. capitatus, C. ciliatoglandulifer, C. cortesianus, C. coryi, C. dioicus, C. elliottii, C. fruticulosus, C. glandulosus, C. heptalon, C. humilis, C. incanus, C. leucophyllus, C. lindheimeri, C. lindheimerianus, C. linearis, C. michauxii, C. monanthogynus, C. parksii, C. punctatus, C. sancti-lazari, C. setigerus, C. soliman, C. sonorae, C. suaveolens, C. texensis, C. wigginsii
Subordinate taxa
C. pottsii var. pottsii, C. pottsii var. thermophilus
Synonyms C. disjunctiflorus, C. maritimus, C. plukenetii Lasiogyne pottsii
Name authority Jacquin: Collectanea 1: 166. (1787) — (as puntatum) (Klotzsch) Müller Arg.: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 561. (1866)
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