Croton punctatus |
Croton alabamensis |
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beach tea, gulf croton, hierba de jabalí |
Alabama croton |
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Habit | Shrubs, 3–10 dm, monoecious or sometimes appearing dioecious. | Shrubs, 5–35 dm, monoecious. | ||||
Stems | trichotomously branching, stellate-hairy to stellate-lepidote. |
usually well branched distally, lepidote. |
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Leaves | not clustered; stipules absent; petiole 1–4 cm, 1/2 to equal blade length, glands absent at apex; blade broadly elliptic to suborbiculate, 2–5 × 1.5–4 cm, much less than 2 times as long as wide, base rounded to truncate, margins entire, apex obtuse to rounded, abaxial surface pale grayish green, stellate-lepidote, adaxial surface slightly darker green, stellate-lepidote. |
clustered at branch tips; stipules absent; petiole 0.6–2 cm, glands absent at apex; blade elliptic, ovate, or oblong, 3–10 × 1.5–5 cm, base rounded to obtuse, margins entire, sometimes ± undulate, apex acute, rounded, or emarginate, abaxial surface silvery or coppery, densely lepidote, adaxial surface green, sparsely lepidote. |
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Inflorescences | unisexual or bisexual, racemes, 1–4 cm, staminate flowers 3–7, pistillate flowers 1–3. |
bisexual or unisexual, racemes, 2–4.5 cm, staminate flowers 0–15, pistillate flowers 0–10. |
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Pedicels | staminate 2–4 mm, pistillate 0–1 mm. |
staminate 2.2–4 mm, pistillate 2.2–7.5 mm (7–11 mm in fruit). |
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Staminate flowers | sepals 5–6, 2.5 mm, abaxial surface stellate-lepidote; petals 0; stamens 10–13. |
sepals 5, 1.1–2.9 mm, abaxial surface lepidote; petals 5, oblong-ovate, 2–3.1 mm, abaxial surface glabrous except margins stellate-ciliate; stamens 10–22. |
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Pistillate flowers | sepals 5, equal, 3–3.5 mm, margins entire, apex incurved, abaxial surface stellate-lepidote; petals 0; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 1–2 mm, multifid, terminal segments 12–24. |
sepals 5, equal, 2–4.5 mm, margins entire, apex incurved, abaxial surface lepidote; petals 5, pale green, ovate, 2–3.5 mm; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 2–5 mm, usually unbranched, rarely 2-fid, terminal segments 3 (or 6). |
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Capsules | 5–8 × 7–9 mm, smooth; columella 3-winged. |
1.6–2.5 × 2–3 mm, smooth; columella 3-angled. |
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Seeds | 4.5–6 × 3.7–4.5 mm, dull. |
6.7–8 × 5.2–6 mm, shiny. |
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2n | = 28. |
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Croton punctatus |
Croton alabamensis |
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Phenology | Flowering year-round. | |||||
Habitat | Beaches, dunes. | |||||
Elevation | 0–20 m. (0–100 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX; e Mexico; Central America; West Indies; n South America
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AL; TX
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Discussion | A report of Croton punctatus from Pennsylvania apparently was based on a transient appearance on ballast (E. T. Wherry et al. 1979). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). B. W. van Ee et al. (2006) examined populations of Croton alabamensis using DNA sequence and AFLP data, and their results supported the recognition of two varieties and an isolated position in the genus. Buds develop in the summer and fall for the following spring's flowers. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 222. | FNA vol. 12, p. 210. | ||||
Parent taxa | Euphorbiaceae > Croton | Euphorbiaceae > Croton | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | C. disjunctiflorus, C. maritimus, C. plukenetii | |||||
Name authority | Jacquin: Collectanea 1: 166. (1787) — (as puntatum) | E. A. Smith ex Chapman: Fl. South. U.S. ed. 2, 648. (1883) | ||||
Web links |