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leatherweed, leatherweed croton

healing croton, silver croton, silverleaf croton

Habit Herbs, perennial, 1–6 dm, monoecious or dioecious. Herbs or subshrubs, annual or short-lived perennial, 1–6 dm, monoecious.
Stems

several from base, sparsely branched distally, stellate-hairy.

several from base, branching distally into 2–4 branches, lepidote.

Leaves

sometimes clustered near inflorescences;

stipules rudimentary;

petiole 0.5–2 cm, glands absent at apex;

blade ovate-oblong, proximal rounder, distal more ovate-elliptic, 1–6 × 1–3 cm, base rounded, margins entire, apex rounded to acute, both surfaces pale to ashy green, softly stellate-hairy.

not clustered;

stipules subulate, 0.2 mm;

petiole 0.2–1(–2) cm, glands absent at apex;

blade on proximal parts of stems oval to narrowly obovate, on distal parts oblong to lanceolate-oblong or broadly elliptic, 1–5 × 0.5–2(–3) cm, base rounded to narrowed, margins entire, apex obtuse to rounded, abaxial surface silvery, densely lepidote, adaxial surface darker green, sparsely lepidote or glabrate.

Inflorescences

bisexual or unisexual, racemes, 0.5–2.5 cm, staminate and pistillate flowers each (12–)20–25.

bisexual, racemes, 2–5 cm, staminate flowers 15–35, pistillate flowers 2–8.

Pedicels

staminate 1.5–6 mm, pistillate 1–3.5 mm, ± recurved in fruit.

staminate 1–5 mm, pistillate 0–2 mm.

Staminate flowers

sepals (4–)5, 1–1.5 mm, abaxial surface densely stellate-hairy;

petals (4–)5, oblong-lanceolate, 1–1.3 mm, abaxial surface glabrous except margins villous;

stamens 10–15.

sepals 5, 5 mm, abaxial surface lepidote;

petals 5, oblong-spatulate, 5 mm, abaxial surface densely lepidote, scales translucent, petals appearing hyaline;

stamens 10–15.

Pistillate flowers

sepals 5, equal, 1.5–3 mm, margins entire, apex straight to slightly incurved, abaxial surface glabrous except stellate-hairy at apex;

petals 0;

ovary 3-locular;

styles 3, 0.5–4.5 mm, 2-fid to base, terminal segments 6.

sepals 5–7, connate for 1/2+ length, equal, 3–4 mm, margins entire, apex incurved, abaxial surface lepidote;

petals 0;

ovary 3-locular;

styles 3, 2–4 mm, 1–3 times 2-fid at apex, terminal segments 6–24.

Capsules

4–6(–7) × 4–5 mm, smooth;

columella apex with 3 sharp projections.

5–6 × 3–4 mm, smooth;

columella 3-angled.

Seeds

3.5–4 × 2–2.5 mm, shiny.

4–5 × 2.5–3 mm, dull.

2n

= 20.

Croton pottsii

Croton argyranthemus

Phenology Flowering Mar–Sep.
Habitat Deep sandy soils in pinelands, pine-oak scrub, sandhills.
Elevation 0–200 m. (0–700 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; NM; TX; n Mexico; c Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; TX; Mexico (Nuevo León, Tamaulipas)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

The affinities of Croton pottsii lie with C. lindheimerianus and C. monanthogynus.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Croton argyranthemus is closely related to C. coryi. Although they have very different kinds of vegetative indumentum, the staminate petals are characteristically silvery-lepidote in both species.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Stems straight; erect radii of stellate hairs shorter than lateral radii, thus pubescence appearing appressed and smooth; leaf blades 1.6–6 cm; racemes mostly 1.1–2.5 cm; styles 1.1–4.5 mm; capsules 4–6(–7) mm.
var. pottsii
1. Stems somewhat zigzag; erect radii of stellate hairs longer than lateral radii, thus pubescence appearing ± shaggy; leaf blades usually 1–1.4 cm; racemes mostly 0.5–0.9 cm; styles usually 0.5–1 mm; capsules 4 mm.
var. thermophilus
Source FNA vol. 12, p. 221. FNA vol. 12, p. 211.
Parent taxa Euphorbiaceae > Croton Euphorbiaceae > Croton
Sibling taxa
C. alabamensis, C. argenteus, C. argyranthemus, C. californicus, C. capitatus, C. ciliatoglandulifer, C. cortesianus, C. coryi, C. dioicus, C. elliottii, C. fruticulosus, C. glandulosus, C. heptalon, C. humilis, C. incanus, C. leucophyllus, C. lindheimeri, C. lindheimerianus, C. linearis, C. michauxii, C. monanthogynus, C. parksii, C. punctatus, C. sancti-lazari, C. setigerus, C. soliman, C. sonorae, C. suaveolens, C. texensis, C. wigginsii
C. alabamensis, C. argenteus, C. californicus, C. capitatus, C. ciliatoglandulifer, C. cortesianus, C. coryi, C. dioicus, C. elliottii, C. fruticulosus, C. glandulosus, C. heptalon, C. humilis, C. incanus, C. leucophyllus, C. lindheimeri, C. lindheimerianus, C. linearis, C. michauxii, C. monanthogynus, C. parksii, C. pottsii, C. punctatus, C. sancti-lazari, C. setigerus, C. soliman, C. sonorae, C. suaveolens, C. texensis, C. wigginsii
Subordinate taxa
C. pottsii var. pottsii, C. pottsii var. thermophilus
Synonyms Lasiogyne pottsii
Name authority (Klotzsch) Müller Arg.: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 561. (1866) Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 215. (1803) — (as argyranthemum)
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