Croton parksii |
Croton texensis |
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Parks' croton |
doveweed, goatweed, skunkweed, Texas croton |
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Habit | Herbs, annual, 5–15 dm, dioecious. | Herbs, annual, 2–7(–9) dm, dioecious. |
Stems | much-branched distally, stellate-hairy. |
loosely branched distally, stellate-hairy. |
Leaves | not clustered; stipules rudimentary; petiole 0.5–1.5 cm, glands absent at apex; blade elliptic, 2.5–6 × 1–2 cm, base rounded, margins entire, apex short-rounded, abaxial surface grayish green, densely stellate-tomentose, adaxial surface olive green, stellate-tomentose. |
not clustered; stipules absent; petiole 0.3–2 cm, glands absent at apex; blade narrowly ovate-oblong to linear-lanceolate, 1–5 × 0.5–2 cm, base truncate to rounded or subcordate, margins entire, apex rounded to acute, abaxial surface pale green, densely whitish appressed stellate-hairy, adaxial surface darker green, less hairy. |
Inflorescences | unisexual; staminate subspicate to racemose or paniculate, 3–6 cm, flowers 3–20; pistillate capitate, 0.1–0.7 cm, flowers 1–3. |
unisexual; staminate racemes or irregularly branched panicles, 2–8 cm, flowers 10–30; pistillate racemes, 1–2 cm, flowers 1–6. |
Pedicels | staminate 0.5–2 mm, pistillate 0.5–1.5 mm (1–3.5 mm in fruit). |
staminate 2–3 mm, pistillate 1–3 mm. |
Staminate flowers | sepals (5–)6, 3 mm, abaxial surface lanose, margins ciliate; petals 0; stamens 10–15. |
sepals 5, 1–2 mm, abaxial surface densely whitish appressed stellate-hairy; petals 0; stamens 8–12. |
Pistillate flowers | sepals 5, equal, 2 mm, margins entire, apex incurved and ± hooded, abaxial surface densely stellate-hairy; petals 0; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 2 mm, irregularly 2–3 times 2-fid, terminal segments 24, forming matted cluster. |
sepals 5, equal, 1–1.5 mm, margins entire, apex incurved, abaxial surface densely stipitate-stellate-hairy; petals 0; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 1–2 mm, multifid, terminal segments 12–32+. |
Capsules | 8–9 × 9–10 mm, verrucose; columella 3-winged. |
5–8 × 4–5.5 mm, verrucose; columella 3-winged. |
Seeds | 6–7 mm diam., shiny. |
3.5–4 × 2.5–3 mm, shiny. |
2n | = 28. |
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Croton parksii |
Croton texensis |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Dec. | Flowering Jun–Nov. |
Habitat | Deep sandy soils. | Prairies, sandy creek beds, old fields, canyons, disturbed areas. |
Elevation | 0–50 m. (0–200 ft.) | 50–2000 m. (200–6600 ft.) |
Distribution |
TX |
AL; AZ; CO; DE; FL; IA; IL; KS; MD; MO; NE; NM; OK; SD; TX; UT; WI; WV; WY; Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora)
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Discussion | Croton parksii, found on the southern Gulf Coastal Plain, is closely related to C. texensis, with which it shares capsules with conspicuous scurfy bumps covered by stellate hairs. Although they appear to intergrade where their ranges overlap around Wilson County, they can generally be distinguished by C. parksii being more robust, with larger capsules and seeds, and more densely tomentose leaves. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Croton texensis, despite being annual, grows larger than the related perennial C. dioicus. Croton texensis has verrucose fruits similar to those of the closely related C. parksii. There is a single specimen of Croton texensis from Massachusetts, collected at a dump in Boston in 1890, but the species did not become established there. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 221. | FNA vol. 12, p. 224. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Hendecandra texensis, C. luteovirens, C. texensis var. utahensis, C. virens | |
Name authority | Croizat: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 69: 445, 457. (1942) | (Klotzsch) Müller Arg.: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 692. (1866) |
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