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Parks' croton

beach tea, gulf croton, hierba de jabalí

Habit Herbs, annual, 5–15 dm, dioecious. Shrubs, 3–10 dm, monoecious or sometimes appearing dioecious.
Stems

much-branched distally, stellate-hairy.

trichotomously branching, stellate-hairy to stellate-lepidote.

Leaves

not clustered;

stipules rudimentary;

petiole 0.5–1.5 cm, glands absent at apex;

blade elliptic, 2.5–6 × 1–2 cm, base rounded, margins entire, apex short-rounded, abaxial surface grayish green, densely stellate-tomentose, adaxial surface olive green, stellate-tomentose.

not clustered;

stipules absent;

petiole 1–4 cm, 1/2 to equal blade length, glands absent at apex;

blade broadly elliptic to suborbiculate, 2–5 × 1.5–4 cm, much less than 2 times as long as wide, base rounded to truncate, margins entire, apex obtuse to rounded, abaxial surface pale grayish green, stellate-lepidote, adaxial surface slightly darker green, stellate-lepidote.

Inflorescences

unisexual;

staminate subspicate to racemose or paniculate, 3–6 cm, flowers 3–20;

pistillate capitate, 0.1–0.7 cm, flowers 1–3.

unisexual or bisexual, racemes, 1–4 cm, staminate flowers 3–7, pistillate flowers 1–3.

Pedicels

staminate 0.5–2 mm, pistillate 0.5–1.5 mm (1–3.5 mm in fruit).

staminate 2–4 mm, pistillate 0–1 mm.

Staminate flowers

sepals (5–)6, 3 mm, abaxial surface lanose, margins ciliate;

petals 0;

stamens 10–15.

sepals 5–6, 2.5 mm, abaxial surface stellate-lepidote;

petals 0;

stamens 10–13.

Pistillate flowers

sepals 5, equal, 2 mm, margins entire, apex incurved and ± hooded, abaxial surface densely stellate-hairy;

petals 0;

ovary 3-locular;

styles 3, 2 mm, irregularly 2–3 times 2-fid, terminal segments 24, forming matted cluster.

sepals 5, equal, 3–3.5 mm, margins entire, apex incurved, abaxial surface stellate-lepidote;

petals 0;

ovary 3-locular;

styles 3, 1–2 mm, multifid, terminal segments 12–24.

Capsules

8–9 × 9–10 mm, verrucose;

columella 3-winged.

5–8 × 7–9 mm, smooth;

columella 3-winged.

Seeds

6–7 mm diam., shiny.

4.5–6 × 3.7–4.5 mm, dull.

2n

= 28.

Croton parksii

Croton punctatus

Phenology Flowering Jun–Dec. Flowering year-round.
Habitat Deep sandy soils. Beaches, dunes.
Elevation 0–50 m. (0–200 ft.) 0–20 m. (0–100 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
TX
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX; e Mexico; Central America; West Indies; n South America
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Croton parksii, found on the southern Gulf Coastal Plain, is closely related to C. texensis, with which it shares capsules with conspicuous scurfy bumps covered by stellate hairs. Although they appear to intergrade where their ranges overlap around Wilson County, they can generally be distinguished by C. parksii being more robust, with larger capsules and seeds, and more densely tomentose leaves.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

A report of Croton punctatus from Pennsylvania apparently was based on a transient appearance on ballast (E. T. Wherry et al. 1979).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 12, p. 221. FNA vol. 12, p. 222.
Parent taxa Euphorbiaceae > Croton Euphorbiaceae > Croton
Sibling taxa
C. alabamensis, C. argenteus, C. argyranthemus, C. californicus, C. capitatus, C. ciliatoglandulifer, C. cortesianus, C. coryi, C. dioicus, C. elliottii, C. fruticulosus, C. glandulosus, C. heptalon, C. humilis, C. incanus, C. leucophyllus, C. lindheimeri, C. lindheimerianus, C. linearis, C. michauxii, C. monanthogynus, C. pottsii, C. punctatus, C. sancti-lazari, C. setigerus, C. soliman, C. sonorae, C. suaveolens, C. texensis, C. wigginsii
C. alabamensis, C. argenteus, C. argyranthemus, C. californicus, C. capitatus, C. ciliatoglandulifer, C. cortesianus, C. coryi, C. dioicus, C. elliottii, C. fruticulosus, C. glandulosus, C. heptalon, C. humilis, C. incanus, C. leucophyllus, C. lindheimeri, C. lindheimerianus, C. linearis, C. michauxii, C. monanthogynus, C. parksii, C. pottsii, C. sancti-lazari, C. setigerus, C. soliman, C. sonorae, C. suaveolens, C. texensis, C. wigginsii
Synonyms C. disjunctiflorus, C. maritimus, C. plukenetii
Name authority Croizat: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 69: 445, 457. (1942) Jacquin: Collectanea 1: 166. (1787) — (as puntatum)
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