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Parks' croton

Michaux's croton, narrowleaf rushfoil, rushfoil

Habit Herbs, annual, 5–15 dm, dioecious. Herbs, annual, 1–9 dm, monoecious.
Stems

much-branched distally, stellate-hairy.

usually single from base, much branched from near middle, densely stellate-lepidote appearing silvery.

Leaves

not clustered;

stipules rudimentary;

petiole 0.5–1.5 cm, glands absent at apex;

blade elliptic, 2.5–6 × 1–2 cm, base rounded, margins entire, apex short-rounded, abaxial surface grayish green, densely stellate-tomentose, adaxial surface olive green, stellate-tomentose.

not clustered;

stipules rudimentary;

petiole 0.1–0.5 cm, glands absent at apex;

blade lanceolate-linear to ovate-lanceolate, 1.5–4 × 0.1–0.4(–1.5) cm, base acute to cuneate, margins entire, apex acute, abaxial surface silvery, stellate-lepidote, adaxial surface green, sparsely stellate-hairy, hairs with few radii.

Inflorescences

unisexual;

staminate subspicate to racemose or paniculate, 3–6 cm, flowers 3–20;

pistillate capitate, 0.1–0.7 cm, flowers 1–3.

bisexual, spikes, 0.3–3 cm, staminate flowers 1–12, pistillate flowers 1–6.

Pedicels

staminate 0.5–2 mm, pistillate 0.5–1.5 mm (1–3.5 mm in fruit).

pistillate absent, staminate 0–1 mm.

Staminate flowers

sepals (5–)6, 3 mm, abaxial surface lanose, margins ciliate;

petals 0;

stamens 10–15.

sepals 5, 1 mm, abaxial surface lepidote;

petals 5, spatulate, 0.6–1 mm, abaxial surface glabrous except margins villous;

stamens 5–7.

Pistillate flowers

sepals 5, equal, 2 mm, margins entire, apex incurved and ± hooded, abaxial surface densely stellate-hairy;

petals 0;

ovary 3-locular;

styles 3, 2 mm, irregularly 2–3 times 2-fid, terminal segments 24, forming matted cluster.

sepals (4–)5, equal, 1–1.5 mm, margins entire, apex straight, abaxial surface lepidote;

petals 0;

ovary 1-locular;

styles 3, 0.5–0.8 mm, minutely 2-fid, terminal segments 3 or 6.

Capsules

8–9 × 9–10 mm, verrucose;

columella 3-winged.

Achenes

2.5–3 × 1–1.2 mm, smooth;

columella absent.

Seeds

6–7 mm diam., shiny.

2–2.5 × 1 mm, surface not visible because seed coat adherent to fruit wall.

Croton parksii

Croton michauxii

Phenology Flowering Jun–Dec.
Habitat Deep sandy soils.
Elevation 0–50 m. (0–200 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
TX
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; CT; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Croton parksii, found on the southern Gulf Coastal Plain, is closely related to C. texensis, with which it shares capsules with conspicuous scurfy bumps covered by stellate hairs. Although they appear to intergrade where their ranges overlap around Wilson County, they can generally be distinguished by C. parksii being more robust, with larger capsules and seeds, and more densely tomentose leaves.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Inflorescences 1–3 cm; achenes usually 3–6, densely stellate-lepidote, hairs ± spreading, radii separate most of length, umbos usually sharp, sometimes rounded; leaf blade adaxial surface hairs not overlapping.
var. michauxii
1. Inflorescences usually less than 1 cm; achenes 1–2, sparsely stellate-lepidote, hairs appressed, radii joined most or all of length, umbos usually blunt, rarely sharp; leaf blade adaxial surface hairs overlapping near midvein.
var. elliptica
Source FNA vol. 12, p. 221. FNA vol. 12, p. 220.
Parent taxa Euphorbiaceae > Croton Euphorbiaceae > Croton
Sibling taxa
C. alabamensis, C. argenteus, C. argyranthemus, C. californicus, C. capitatus, C. ciliatoglandulifer, C. cortesianus, C. coryi, C. dioicus, C. elliottii, C. fruticulosus, C. glandulosus, C. heptalon, C. humilis, C. incanus, C. leucophyllus, C. lindheimeri, C. lindheimerianus, C. linearis, C. michauxii, C. monanthogynus, C. pottsii, C. punctatus, C. sancti-lazari, C. setigerus, C. soliman, C. sonorae, C. suaveolens, C. texensis, C. wigginsii
C. alabamensis, C. argenteus, C. argyranthemus, C. californicus, C. capitatus, C. ciliatoglandulifer, C. cortesianus, C. coryi, C. dioicus, C. elliottii, C. fruticulosus, C. glandulosus, C. heptalon, C. humilis, C. incanus, C. leucophyllus, C. lindheimeri, C. lindheimerianus, C. linearis, C. monanthogynus, C. parksii, C. pottsii, C. punctatus, C. sancti-lazari, C. setigerus, C. soliman, C. sonorae, C. suaveolens, C. texensis, C. wigginsii
Subordinate taxa
C. michauxii var. elliptica, C. michauxii var. michauxii
Synonyms Crotonopsis linearis
Name authority Croizat: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 69: 445, 457. (1942) G. L. Webster: Novon 2: 270. (1992)
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