Croton monanthogynus |
Croton soliman |
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one-seed croton, prairie tea |
Soliman's croton |
|
Habit | Herbs, annual, 2–5 dm, monoecious. | Shrubs, 5–8 dm, monoecious. |
Stems | dichotomously branched from near base, stellate-hairy, some stellate hairs with dark brown centers. |
sparsely branched distally, sparsely stellate-hairy. |
Leaves | sometimes clustered near inflorescences; stipules glandlike, 0.1–0.3 mm; petiole 0.3–1.5 cm, glands absent at apex; blade ovate-oblong to nearly round (proximal) to narrowly elliptic (distal), 1–3.5 × 0.5–3 cm, base obtuse to rounded or truncate, margins entire, apex rounded to acute, abaxial surface pale green, sparsely whitish stellate-hairy and appearing brown-dotted, some hairs with dark brown centers, adaxial surface darker green, densely stellate-hairy, hairs without brown centers. |
not clustered; stipules linear, (0–)1–2 mm, sometimes short stipitate-glandular; petiole 1–2 cm, 2/5–1/2 leaf blade length, glands absent at apex; blade ovate, 2–5 × 1.5–2.5 cm, base rounded-cuneate, margins entire, with scattered glandular-capitate processes 1 mm, usually denser at base, apex acute to acuminate, abaxial surface green, glabrous or sparsely stellate-hairy, usually along margin, adaxial surface slightly darker green, glabrous. |
Inflorescences | bisexual or sometimes pistillate, congested racemes, 0.3–1 cm, staminate flowers 3–10, pistillate flowers 1–2(–5). |
bisexual, racemes, 2–4 cm, staminate flowers 10–30, pistillate flowers 3–6. |
Pedicels | staminate 0.5–2 mm, pistillate 1–2.5 mm (2–3 mm and recurved in fruit). |
staminate 1–5 mm, pistillate 2–5 mm. |
Staminate flowers | sepals 3–5, 0.7–1 mm, abaxial surface stellate-hairy; petals 3–5, narrowly elliptic-oblanceolate, 0.7–1 mm, abaxial surface glabrous except margins villous; stamens 3–5. |
sepals 5, 0.8–1 mm, abaxial surface sparsely stellate-hairy; petals 5, spatulate, 1–1.3 mm, abaxial surface glabrous except margins ciliate basally; stamens 15–20. |
Pistillate flowers | sepals 5, subequal, 1.5–2 mm, margins entire, apex straight to slightly incurved, abaxial surface stellate-hairy, some hairs with dark brown centers; petals 0; ovary 2-locular, 1 fertile; styles 2, 0.8–1.2(–1.5) mm, 2-fid to base, terminal segments 4. |
sepals 5, unequal, 5–6 mm, margins entire, apex straight to slightly incurved, abaxial surface glabrous or with a few stellate hairs; petals 0 or 5, white, linear, 2.5–3.5 mm; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 3–4 mm, 4-fid, terminal segments 12. |
Capsules | appearing follicular (1-seeded), 3.5–4.5 × 1.8–2.2 mm, smooth; columella ± curved, apparently deciduous upon dehiscence of capsule. |
6 × 5–6 mm, smooth; columella apex with 3 rounded, inflated lobes. |
Seeds | 2.5–3.3 × 2–2.5 mm, shiny. |
4–5 × 3–4 mm, shiny. |
2n | = 20. |
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Croton monanthogynus |
Croton soliman |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Nov. | Flowering May–Jul. |
Habitat | Prairies, sandstone and limestone glades, thinly wooded bluffs, fallow fields, other disturbed habitats. | Thickets, low ridges. |
Elevation | 0–1000 m. (0–3300 ft.) | 0–50 m. (0–200 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NE; NM; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas)
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TX; e Mexico; s Mexico |
Discussion | Croton monanthogynus may be adventive in the northernmost states. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Croton soliman is most similar to C. humilis. In the flora area, C. soliman is found only in Cameron County. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 220. | FNA vol. 12, p. 223. |
Parent taxa | Euphorbiaceae > Croton | Euphorbiaceae > Croton |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Engelmannia nuttalliana, Gynamblosis monanthogyna, Heptallon ellipticum, Oxydectes monanthogyna | |
Name authority | Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 215. (1803) — (as monanthogynum) | Chamisso & Schlechtendal: Linnaea 6: 361. (1831) |
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