Croton monanthogynus |
Croton parksii |
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one-seed croton, prairie tea |
Parks' croton |
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Habit | Herbs, annual, 2–5 dm, monoecious. | Herbs, annual, 5–15 dm, dioecious. |
Stems | dichotomously branched from near base, stellate-hairy, some stellate hairs with dark brown centers. |
much-branched distally, stellate-hairy. |
Leaves | sometimes clustered near inflorescences; stipules glandlike, 0.1–0.3 mm; petiole 0.3–1.5 cm, glands absent at apex; blade ovate-oblong to nearly round (proximal) to narrowly elliptic (distal), 1–3.5 × 0.5–3 cm, base obtuse to rounded or truncate, margins entire, apex rounded to acute, abaxial surface pale green, sparsely whitish stellate-hairy and appearing brown-dotted, some hairs with dark brown centers, adaxial surface darker green, densely stellate-hairy, hairs without brown centers. |
not clustered; stipules rudimentary; petiole 0.5–1.5 cm, glands absent at apex; blade elliptic, 2.5–6 × 1–2 cm, base rounded, margins entire, apex short-rounded, abaxial surface grayish green, densely stellate-tomentose, adaxial surface olive green, stellate-tomentose. |
Inflorescences | bisexual or sometimes pistillate, congested racemes, 0.3–1 cm, staminate flowers 3–10, pistillate flowers 1–2(–5). |
unisexual; staminate subspicate to racemose or paniculate, 3–6 cm, flowers 3–20; pistillate capitate, 0.1–0.7 cm, flowers 1–3. |
Pedicels | staminate 0.5–2 mm, pistillate 1–2.5 mm (2–3 mm and recurved in fruit). |
staminate 0.5–2 mm, pistillate 0.5–1.5 mm (1–3.5 mm in fruit). |
Staminate flowers | sepals 3–5, 0.7–1 mm, abaxial surface stellate-hairy; petals 3–5, narrowly elliptic-oblanceolate, 0.7–1 mm, abaxial surface glabrous except margins villous; stamens 3–5. |
sepals (5–)6, 3 mm, abaxial surface lanose, margins ciliate; petals 0; stamens 10–15. |
Pistillate flowers | sepals 5, subequal, 1.5–2 mm, margins entire, apex straight to slightly incurved, abaxial surface stellate-hairy, some hairs with dark brown centers; petals 0; ovary 2-locular, 1 fertile; styles 2, 0.8–1.2(–1.5) mm, 2-fid to base, terminal segments 4. |
sepals 5, equal, 2 mm, margins entire, apex incurved and ± hooded, abaxial surface densely stellate-hairy; petals 0; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 2 mm, irregularly 2–3 times 2-fid, terminal segments 24, forming matted cluster. |
Capsules | appearing follicular (1-seeded), 3.5–4.5 × 1.8–2.2 mm, smooth; columella ± curved, apparently deciduous upon dehiscence of capsule. |
8–9 × 9–10 mm, verrucose; columella 3-winged. |
Seeds | 2.5–3.3 × 2–2.5 mm, shiny. |
6–7 mm diam., shiny. |
2n | = 20. |
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Croton monanthogynus |
Croton parksii |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Nov. | Flowering Jun–Dec. |
Habitat | Prairies, sandstone and limestone glades, thinly wooded bluffs, fallow fields, other disturbed habitats. | Deep sandy soils. |
Elevation | 0–1000 m. (0–3300 ft.) | 0–50 m. (0–200 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NE; NM; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas)
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TX |
Discussion | Croton monanthogynus may be adventive in the northernmost states. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Croton parksii, found on the southern Gulf Coastal Plain, is closely related to C. texensis, with which it shares capsules with conspicuous scurfy bumps covered by stellate hairs. Although they appear to intergrade where their ranges overlap around Wilson County, they can generally be distinguished by C. parksii being more robust, with larger capsules and seeds, and more densely tomentose leaves. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 220. | FNA vol. 12, p. 221. |
Parent taxa | Euphorbiaceae > Croton | Euphorbiaceae > Croton |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Engelmannia nuttalliana, Gynamblosis monanthogyna, Heptallon ellipticum, Oxydectes monanthogyna | |
Name authority | Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 215. (1803) — (as monanthogynum) | Croizat: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 69: 445, 457. (1942) |
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