Croton monanthogynus |
Croton lindheimerianus |
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one-seed croton, prairie tea |
three-seed croton |
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Habit | Herbs, annual, 2–5 dm, monoecious. | Herbs, annual, 1–5 dm, monoecious. | ||||
Stems | dichotomously branched from near base, stellate-hairy, some stellate hairs with dark brown centers. |
dichotomously branched, densely stellate-tomentose. |
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Leaves | sometimes clustered near inflorescences; stipules glandlike, 0.1–0.3 mm; petiole 0.3–1.5 cm, glands absent at apex; blade ovate-oblong to nearly round (proximal) to narrowly elliptic (distal), 1–3.5 × 0.5–3 cm, base obtuse to rounded or truncate, margins entire, apex rounded to acute, abaxial surface pale green, sparsely whitish stellate-hairy and appearing brown-dotted, some hairs with dark brown centers, adaxial surface darker green, densely stellate-hairy, hairs without brown centers. |
sometimes clustered near inflorescences; stipules rudimentary; petiole 0.5–3 cm, glands absent at apex; blade lanceolate to suborbiculate, 1–5(–8) × 0.8–2.8(–3.5) cm, base rounded, margins entire, apex rounded to acute, abaxial surface pale green, stellate-hairy, adaxial surface darker green, sparsely stellate-hairy. |
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Inflorescences | bisexual or sometimes pistillate, congested racemes, 0.3–1 cm, staminate flowers 3–10, pistillate flowers 1–2(–5). |
bisexual, racemes, 1–3 cm, not appearing brown-dotted, no stellate hairs with brown centers, staminate flowers 3–8, pistillate flowers 1–3. |
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Pedicels | staminate 0.5–2 mm, pistillate 1–2.5 mm (2–3 mm and recurved in fruit). |
staminate 2–3 mm, pistillate 1–5(–15) mm. |
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Staminate flowers | sepals 3–5, 0.7–1 mm, abaxial surface stellate-hairy; petals 3–5, narrowly elliptic-oblanceolate, 0.7–1 mm, abaxial surface glabrous except margins villous; stamens 3–5. |
sepals (4–)5, 1.5–2 mm, abaxial surface stellate-hairy; petals 5, linear-oblong-lanceolate, 1–1.5 mm, abaxial surface glabrous except margins villous; stamens 7–9(–12). |
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Pistillate flowers | sepals 5, subequal, 1.5–2 mm, margins entire, apex straight to slightly incurved, abaxial surface stellate-hairy, some hairs with dark brown centers; petals 0; ovary 2-locular, 1 fertile; styles 2, 0.8–1.2(–1.5) mm, 2-fid to base, terminal segments 4. |
sepals 5–6, equal, 3 mm, margins entire, apex incurved, abaxial surface stellate-hairy; petals 0; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 2–3 mm, 2-fid to base, terminal segments 6. |
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Capsules | appearing follicular (1-seeded), 3.5–4.5 × 1.8–2.2 mm, smooth; columella ± curved, apparently deciduous upon dehiscence of capsule. |
4–5 × 4–4.5 mm, smooth; columella apex with 3 sharp projections. |
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Seeds | 2.5–3.3 × 2–2.5 mm, shiny. |
3.2–3.6 × 1.5 mm, shiny. |
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2n | = 20. |
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Croton monanthogynus |
Croton lindheimerianus |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Nov. | |||||
Habitat | Prairies, sandstone and limestone glades, thinly wooded bluffs, fallow fields, other disturbed habitats. | |||||
Elevation | 0–1000 m. (0–3300 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NE; NM; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas)
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AR; AZ; IL; IN; KS; LA; MO; NC; NM; OK; SC; TX; n Mexico
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Discussion | Croton monanthogynus may be adventive in the northernmost states. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). Croton lindheimerianus is one of the bifid-styled species in sect. Heptallon. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 220. | FNA vol. 12, p. 219. | ||||
Parent taxa | Euphorbiaceae > Croton | Euphorbiaceae > Croton | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Engelmannia nuttalliana, Gynamblosis monanthogyna, Heptallon ellipticum, Oxydectes monanthogyna | |||||
Name authority | Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 215. (1803) — (as monanthogynum) | Scheele: Linnaea 25: 580. (1852) | ||||
Web links |