Croton lindheimeri |
Croton elliottii |
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goatweed, Lindheimer's hogwort, woolly croton |
Elliott's croton, pondshore croton |
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Habit | Herbs, annual, 5–20 dm, monoecious, stems, leaves, and buds with yellow-brown (ochraceous) pubescence when young, becoming glabrate. | Herbs, annual, 3–8 dm, monoecious. |
Stems | branching distally, stellate-hairy. |
usually single from base, then well branched from first reproductive node, appressed stellate-hairy. |
Leaves | not clustered; stipules linear, 0–5 mm; petiole 1.5–7 cm, glands absent at apex; blade ovate-lanceolate, 3–7 × 1–3 cm, base cordate to rounded or subcordate, margins entire, apex acute, abaxial surface pale green, not appearing brown-dotted, no stellate hairs with brown centers, densely stellate-hairy, adaxial surface greener, more sparsely hairy. |
sometimes clustered near inflorescences; stipules absent; petiole 0.5–2 cm, glands absent at apex; blade lanceolate to oblong, 2–5.5 × 0.2–0.8 cm, base rounded, margins entire, apex subacute, abaxial surface pale green, not appearing brown-dotted, no stellate hairs with brown centers, densely long stellate-hairy, adaxial surface darker green, less densely short stellate-hairy. |
Inflorescences | bisexual, racemes, 1.5–3 cm, staminate flowers 8–15, pistillate flowers 2–7. |
bisexual, congested racemes, 0.8–1.5 cm, staminate flowers 5–15, pistillate flowers 3–6. |
Pedicels | staminate 0.5–3 mm, pistillate 0–1 mm. |
staminate 0.4–0.9 mm, pistillate 0–0.8 mm. |
Staminate flowers | sepals (4–)5, 1.5–2 mm, abaxial surface stellate-hairy; petals 5, linear-oblong, 1–1.5 mm, abaxial surface stellate-hairy; stamens 9–13. |
sepals 5, 0.8–1 mm, abaxial surface stellate-hairy; petals 5, linear-oblong to lanceolate, 0.8–1 mm, abaxial surface glabrous; stamens 7–10. |
Pistillate flowers | sepals 7–8, equal, 5–7 mm, margins entire, apex straight to slightly incurved, abaxial surface yellowish woolly-tomentose; petals 0; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 3–4 mm, 2 times 2-fid, terminal segments 12. |
sepals 6–7, equal, 5–6 mm, margins entire, apex incurved, abaxial surface stellate-hairy; petals 0; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 2–3 mm, 2 times 2-fid, terminal segments 12. |
Capsules | 6–8 × 8–9 mm, smooth; columella tipped with 3-pronged grappling hooklike appendage. |
4–5 mm diam., smooth; columella slightly 3-winged distally. |
Seeds | 4–5 × 4–4.5 mm, shiny. |
4–4.5 × 3–4 mm, shiny. |
2n | = 20. |
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Croton lindheimeri |
Croton elliottii |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Dec. | Flowering Jul–Sep. |
Habitat | Old pastures, forest openings, bottomlands, fence rows, disturbed areas. | Depression ponds, depression meadows, clay-based Carolina bays, usually on exposed pond edges or bottoms. |
Elevation | 0–300 m. (0–1000 ft.) | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; LA; MO; MS; SC; TN; TX
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AL; FL; GA; SC |
Discussion | Croton lindheimeri is very similar to C. capitatus, and the two can sometimes be found growing together in northeastern Texas. Croton lindheimeri can be distinguished by its more ochraceous pubescence on young growth, consistently acute leaf tips, somewhat more elongated pistillate part of the raceme, and pistillate sepal tips that do not recurve after anthesis. Croton lindheimeri was reported from Indiana, adventive on ballast in 1898, and from Kansas based on a single 1883 collection from Miami County, but apparently did not become established in either state. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Croton elliottii is most closely related to C. capitatus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 218. | FNA vol. 12, p. 214. |
Parent taxa | Euphorbiaceae > Croton | Euphorbiaceae > Croton |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Pilinophytum lindheimeri, C. capitatus var. lindheimeri | |
Name authority | (Engelmann & A. Gray) Alph. Wood: Class-book Bot. ed. s.n.(b), 631. (1861) | Chapman: Fl. South. U.S., 407. (1860) |
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