Croton humilis |
Croton punctatus |
|
---|---|---|
low croton, pepperbush, salvia |
beach tea, gulf croton, hierba de jabalí |
|
Habit | Shrubs, 3–8 dm, monoecious. | Shrubs, 3–10 dm, monoecious or sometimes appearing dioecious. |
Stems | much branched, stellate-hairy, viscid. |
trichotomously branching, stellate-hairy to stellate-lepidote. |
Leaves | not clustered; stipules 2–5 stipitate glands, to 0.5 mm; petiole 0.7–3(–5) cm, 3/8–5/8 leaf blade length, glands absent at apex; blade ovate to oblong, 1.5–8 × 1–2(–5) cm, base rounded to subcordate, margins entire to minutely glandular-denticulate, apex abruptly acute to acuminate, both surfaces pale green, abaxial densely stellate-hairy, adaxial tomentose, glabrescent. |
not clustered; stipules absent; petiole 1–4 cm, 1/2 to equal blade length, glands absent at apex; blade broadly elliptic to suborbiculate, 2–5 × 1.5–4 cm, much less than 2 times as long as wide, base rounded to truncate, margins entire, apex obtuse to rounded, abaxial surface pale grayish green, stellate-lepidote, adaxial surface slightly darker green, stellate-lepidote. |
Inflorescences | bisexual or unisexual, racemes, 3–7 cm, staminate flowers 20–35, pistillate flowers 2–6. |
unisexual or bisexual, racemes, 1–4 cm, staminate flowers 3–7, pistillate flowers 1–3. |
Pedicels | staminate 3–4 mm, pistillate 1–2(–3) mm. |
staminate 2–4 mm, pistillate 0–1 mm. |
Staminate flowers | sepals 5, 3–4 mm, abaxial surface stellate-hairy; petals 5, spatulate, 3–4 mm, abaxial surface glabrous except margins ciliate basally; stamens 15–35. |
sepals 5–6, 2.5 mm, abaxial surface stellate-lepidote; petals 0; stamens 10–13. |
Pistillate flowers | sepals 5, equal, 4 mm, margins entire, sessile- or shortly stipitate-glandular, apex incurved, abaxial surface stellate-hairy; petals 0 or 5, white, subulate, 1 mm; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 3–5 mm, 4-fid, terminal segments 12. |
sepals 5, equal, 3–3.5 mm, margins entire, apex incurved, abaxial surface stellate-lepidote; petals 0; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 1–2 mm, multifid, terminal segments 12–24. |
Capsules | 4–5 × 4 mm, smooth; columella apex with 3 rounded, inflated lobes. |
5–8 × 7–9 mm, smooth; columella 3-winged. |
Seeds | 3–4 × 2.5–3 mm, shiny. |
4.5–6 × 3.7–4.5 mm, dull. |
2n | = 20. |
= 28. |
Croton humilis |
Croton punctatus |
|
Phenology | Flowering year-round. | Flowering year-round. |
Habitat | Hammocks, thickets, disturbed areas. | Beaches, dunes. |
Elevation | 0–50 m. (0–200 ft.) | 0–20 m. (0–100 ft.) |
Distribution |
FL; TX; e Mexico; se Mexico; West Indies |
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX; e Mexico; Central America; West Indies; n South America
|
Discussion | Croton humilis is a mainly West Indian species extending from southernmost Florida (Collier and Monroe counties) to the Bahamas, Cuba, Hispaniola, Jamaica, and Puerto Rico, and up the Caribbean coast of Mexico to southernmost Texas (Cameron, Hidalgo, Starr, Willacy, and Zapata counties). Texas plants have more stamens (30–35) than Florida plants (15–20). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
A report of Croton punctatus from Pennsylvania apparently was based on a transient appearance on ballast (E. T. Wherry et al. 1979). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 217. | FNA vol. 12, p. 222. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. berlandieri | C. disjunctiflorus, C. maritimus, C. plukenetii |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 1276. (1759) — (as humile) | Jacquin: Collectanea 1: 166. (1787) — (as puntatum) |
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