Croton glandulosus |
Croton monanthogynus |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
sand croton, sand or tooth-leaf or Tropic croton, tooth-leaf croton, Tropic croton, vente conmigo |
one-seed croton, prairie tea |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Habit | Herbs, annual, 1–12 dm, monoecious. | Herbs, annual, 2–5 dm, monoecious. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stems | much branched distally, usually coarsely stellate-hairy, rarely glabrescent. |
dichotomously branched from near base, stellate-hairy, some stellate hairs with dark brown centers. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Leaves | not clustered; stipules linear-subulate, glandular or not, to 0.5 mm or absent; petiole 0.2–1 cm, glands at apex 2, yellow, sessile to shortly stipitate, cuplike; blade ovate proximally, oblong-lanceolate distally, 0.6–3.5(–7) × 0.3–1.5(–3) cm, base obtuse to truncate, margins coarsely crenate to serrate-dentate, apex obtuse to rounded, both surfaces green, stellate-hairy, glabrate, or rarely glabrous. |
sometimes clustered near inflorescences; stipules glandlike, 0.1–0.3 mm; petiole 0.3–1.5 cm, glands absent at apex; blade ovate-oblong to nearly round (proximal) to narrowly elliptic (distal), 1–3.5 × 0.5–3 cm, base obtuse to rounded or truncate, margins entire, apex rounded to acute, abaxial surface pale green, sparsely whitish stellate-hairy and appearing brown-dotted, some hairs with dark brown centers, adaxial surface darker green, densely stellate-hairy, hairs without brown centers. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Inflorescences | bisexual, racemes, 1–3 cm, staminate flowers 10–20, pistillate flowers 1–4. |
bisexual or sometimes pistillate, congested racemes, 0.3–1 cm, staminate flowers 3–10, pistillate flowers 1–2(–5). |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pedicels | staminate 0.8–2 mm, pistillate 0–5 mm. |
staminate 0.5–2 mm, pistillate 1–2.5 mm (2–3 mm and recurved in fruit). |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Staminate flowers | sepals 5, 0.8–1.2 mm, abaxial surface stellate-hairy; petals 5, oblanceolate, 1–1.3 mm, abaxial surface glabrous except margins ciliate; stamens 7–13. |
sepals 3–5, 0.7–1 mm, abaxial surface stellate-hairy; petals 3–5, narrowly elliptic-oblanceolate, 0.7–1 mm, abaxial surface glabrous except margins villous; stamens 3–5. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pistillate flowers | sepals 5, subequal, 6–7.5 mm, margins entire, apex straight to slightly incurved, abaxial surface glabrous except stellate-hairy apically; petals 0 or 5, rudimentary; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 1–2.5 mm, deeply 2-fid, terminal segments 6. |
sepals 5, subequal, 1.5–2 mm, margins entire, apex straight to slightly incurved, abaxial surface stellate-hairy, some hairs with dark brown centers; petals 0; ovary 2-locular, 1 fertile; styles 2, 0.8–1.2(–1.5) mm, 2-fid to base, terminal segments 4. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Capsules | 3.5–6 × 4–5 mm, smooth; columella 3-angled. |
appearing follicular (1-seeded), 3.5–4.5 × 1.8–2.2 mm, smooth; columella ± curved, apparently deciduous upon dehiscence of capsule. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Seeds | 3–4 × 2–2.5 mm, shiny. |
2.5–3.3 × 2–2.5 mm, shiny. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
2n | = 16. |
= 20. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Croton glandulosus |
Croton monanthogynus |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Phenology | Flowering May–Nov. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Prairies, sandstone and limestone glades, thinly wooded bluffs, fallow fields, other disturbed habitats. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 0–1000 m. (0–3300 ft.) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; DE; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NE; NJ; NM; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies
|
AL; AR; AZ; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MD; MI; MO; MS; NC; NE; NM; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WI; WV; Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas)
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Discussion | Varieties ca. 20 (5 in the flora). Croton glandulosus is widespread in the New World, with a complex pattern of variation. The classification here follows B. W. van Ee et al. (2009). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Croton monanthogynus may be adventive in the northernmost states. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Key |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 215. | FNA vol. 12, p. 220. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Euphorbiaceae > Croton | Euphorbiaceae > Croton | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Synonyms | Decarinium glandulosum, Geiseleria glandulosa, Oxydectes glandulosa | Engelmannia nuttalliana, Gynamblosis monanthogyna, Heptallon ellipticum, Oxydectes monanthogyna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 1275. (1759) — (as glandulosum) | Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 215. (1803) — (as monanthogynum) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Web links |