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Elliott's croton, pondshore croton

Cortez's croton, palillo

Habit Herbs, annual, 3–8 dm, monoecious. Shrubs, 10–30 dm, dioecious.
Stems

usually single from base, then well branched from first reproductive node, appressed stellate-hairy.

di- or trichotomously branched, stellate-hairy, young stems often blackened by fungus.

Leaves

sometimes clustered near inflorescences;

stipules absent;

petiole 0.5–2 cm, glands absent at apex;

blade lanceolate to oblong, 2–5.5 × 0.2–0.8 cm, base rounded, margins entire, apex subacute, abaxial surface pale green, not appearing brown-dotted, no stellate hairs with brown centers, densely long stellate-hairy, adaxial surface darker green, less densely short stellate-hairy.

not clustered;

stipules rudimentary;

petiole 1–1.5 cm, 1/6–1/3 leaf blade length, glands absent at apex;

blade narrowly obovate, oblong, elliptic, or lanceolate, 3–10 × 1–5 cm, mostly less than 3.5 times as long as wide, base subacute to rounded, margins minutely denticulate, apex acute or acuminate, abaxial surface light green, densely ochraceous stellate-hispid when young, pale stellate-hairy when mature, adaxial surface darker green, glabrous.

Inflorescences

bisexual, congested racemes, 0.8–1.5 cm, staminate flowers 5–15, pistillate flowers 3–6.

unisexual, racemes;

staminate 7–20 cm, flowers 10–30;

pistillate 1–5 cm, flowers 8–20(–30).

Pedicels

staminate 0.4–0.9 mm, pistillate 0–0.8 mm.

staminate 0–1 mm, pistillate 0–0.5 mm.

Staminate flowers

sepals 5, 0.8–1 mm, abaxial surface stellate-hairy;

petals 5, linear-oblong to lanceolate, 0.8–1 mm, abaxial surface glabrous;

stamens 7–10.

sepals 5, 2.5 mm, abaxial surface stellate-hairy;

petals 5, oblong, 3 mm, abaxial surface glabrous except margins ciliate basally;

stamens 12–16.

Pistillate flowers

sepals 6–7, equal, 5–6 mm, margins entire, apex incurved, abaxial surface stellate-hairy;

petals 0;

ovary 3-locular;

styles 3, 2–3 mm, 2 times 2-fid, terminal segments 12.

sepals 5, equal, 1–1.5 mm, margins entire, apex straight to slightly incurved, abaxial surface stellate-hispid;

petals rudimentary;

ovary 3-locular;

styles 3, 4–5 mm, 2-fid, terminal segments 6.

Capsules

4–5 mm diam., smooth;

columella slightly 3-winged distally.

5–6 × 4.5–5.5 mm, smooth;

columella apex with 3 rounded, inflated lobes.

Seeds

4–4.5 × 3–4 mm, shiny.

4–5 × 3–3.5 mm, shiny (with silvery sheen).

2n

= 20.

Croton elliottii

Croton cortesianus

Phenology Flowering Jul–Sep. Flowering Feb–Oct, possibly year-round.
Habitat Depression ponds, depression meadows, clay-based Carolina bays, usually on exposed pond edges or bottoms. Scrub forests.
Elevation 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) 0–50 m. (0–200 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; SC
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
TX; e Mexico; se Mexico; Central America
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Croton elliottii is most closely related to C. capitatus.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Croton cortesianus is known in the flora area only from Cameron, Hidalgo, and Starr counties.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 12, p. 214. FNA vol. 12, p. 213.
Parent taxa Euphorbiaceae > Croton Euphorbiaceae > Croton
Sibling taxa
C. alabamensis, C. argenteus, C. argyranthemus, C. californicus, C. capitatus, C. ciliatoglandulifer, C. cortesianus, C. coryi, C. dioicus, C. fruticulosus, C. glandulosus, C. heptalon, C. humilis, C. incanus, C. leucophyllus, C. lindheimeri, C. lindheimerianus, C. linearis, C. michauxii, C. monanthogynus, C. parksii, C. pottsii, C. punctatus, C. sancti-lazari, C. setigerus, C. soliman, C. sonorae, C. suaveolens, C. texensis, C. wigginsii
C. alabamensis, C. argenteus, C. argyranthemus, C. californicus, C. capitatus, C. ciliatoglandulifer, C. coryi, C. dioicus, C. elliottii, C. fruticulosus, C. glandulosus, C. heptalon, C. humilis, C. incanus, C. leucophyllus, C. lindheimeri, C. lindheimerianus, C. linearis, C. michauxii, C. monanthogynus, C. parksii, C. pottsii, C. punctatus, C. sancti-lazari, C. setigerus, C. soliman, C. sonorae, C. suaveolens, C. texensis, C. wigginsii
Synonyms C. chichenensis, C. trichocarpus
Name authority Chapman: Fl. South. U.S., 407. (1860) Kunth: in A. von Humboldt et al., Nov. Gen. Sp. 2(fol.): 66; 2(qto.): 83. (1817)
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