Croton californicus |
Croton ciliatoglandulifer |
|
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California croton, desert croton |
bush croton, Mexican croton |
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Habit | Subshrubs or shrubs, 4–11 dm, dioecious. | Shrubs, 2–10 dm, monoecious. |
Stems | loosely branched, stellate-lepidote. |
± dichotomously branched, stellate-hairy. |
Leaves | not clustered; stipules absent; petiole 1–3.5(–4.5) cm, usually less than 1/2 blade length, glands absent at apex; blade elliptic to narrowly oblong, 2–5.5(–7) × 0.8–2(–2.5) cm, usually more than 2 times as long as wide, base obtuse, margins entire, apex obtuse to rounded, abaxial surface light green, adaxial surface darker green, both stellate-lepidote. |
not clustered; stipules glandular-ciliate, 2–3 mm; petiole 1–3.5 cm, 1/2–7/10+ leaf blade length, stipitate-glandular at apex; blade ovate, 2–5 × 1–3 cm, base rounded to subcordate, margins entire glandular-ciliate, apex acute to acuminate, abaxial surface pale green, densely stellate-hairy, adaxial surface darker green, sparsely stellate-hairy. |
Inflorescences | unisexual, racemes or thyrses; staminate 0.5–3.5(–10) cm, flowers 3–8(–20); pistillate 0.5–1 cm, flowers 1–6. |
bisexual, racemes, 1–2.5 cm, staminate flowers 3–10, pistillate flowers 1–8. |
Pedicels | staminate 1–5.5(–7) mm, pistillate to 1 mm (1–3 mm in fruit). |
staminate 0.5–1.5 mm, pistillate 2–3 mm. |
Staminate flowers | sepals 5, 1 mm, abaxial surface stellate-lepidote; petals 0; stamens 10–15. |
sepals 5, 3.5–4 mm, abaxial surface stellate-hairy; petals 5, spatulate, 2.5–3 mm, abaxial surface glabrous; stamens 20–30. |
Pistillate flowers | sepals 5, equal, 2 mm, margins entire, apex incurved, abaxial surface stellate-lepidote; petals 0; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 2–2.5 mm, 4-fid, terminal segments usually 12. |
sepals 5, equal, 3–5 mm, margins entire, glandular-ciliate, apex straight, abaxial surface stellate-hairy; petals 0; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 4–5 mm, 4-fid, terminal segments 12. |
Capsules | 6–8 × 5–7 mm, smooth; columella 3-winged. |
4–5 × 5–7 mm, smooth; columella apex with 3 rounded, inflated lobes. |
Seeds | 4–5.5 × 3.5–5.5 mm, dull. |
4–5.5 × 2.5–3 mm, shiny. |
2n | = 28. |
= 20. |
Croton californicus |
Croton ciliatoglandulifer |
|
Phenology | Flowering Feb–Oct. | Flowering Oct–Dec. |
Habitat | Sandy soils, sage scrub, dunes, washes. | Rocky forested slopes, sandy flats. |
Elevation | 0–900 m. (0–3000 ft.) | 0–2200 m. (0–7200 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; NV; UT; Mexico (Baja California, Sinaloa)
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AZ; TX; Mexico; West Indies
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Discussion | Croton ciliatoglandulifer is characterized by the glandular projections on the leaf blade margins, stipules, and pistillate sepals. The species is closely related to C. humilis and C. soliman, which may intergrade with it. Croton ciliatoglandulifer presents an interesting disjunction in the United States from lowland southern Texas (0–150 m elevation) to upland southern Arizona (to 2200 m elevation). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 211. | FNA vol. 12, p. 213. |
Parent taxa | Euphorbiaceae > Croton | Euphorbiaceae > Croton |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Hendecandra procumbens, C. californicus var. longipes, C. californicus var. mohavensis, C. californicus var. tenuis, C. longipes, C. mohavensis, C. tenuis | |
Name authority | Müller Arg.: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 691. (1866) | Ortega: Nov. Pl. Descr. Dec., 51. (1797) — (as cilato-glanduliferum) |
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