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healing croton, silver croton, silverleaf croton

grassland croton, hierba del gato, rosval, rubaldo

Habit Herbs or subshrubs, annual or short-lived perennial, 1–6 dm, monoecious. Subshrubs, 2–5(–9) dm, dioecious.
Stems

several from base, branching distally into 2–4 branches, lepidote.

well-branched from base, stellate-lepidote.

Leaves

not clustered;

stipules subulate, 0.2 mm;

petiole 0.2–1(–2) cm, glands absent at apex;

blade on proximal parts of stems oval to narrowly obovate, on distal parts oblong to lanceolate-oblong or broadly elliptic, 1–5 × 0.5–2(–3) cm, base rounded to narrowed, margins entire, apex obtuse to rounded, abaxial surface silvery, densely lepidote, adaxial surface darker green, sparsely lepidote or glabrate.

not clustered;

stipules rudimentary or absent;

petiole 0.2–0.8(–2) cm, usually less than 1/2 blade length, glands absent at apex;

blade narrowly elliptic-ovate to lanceolate, 1–6.5 × 0.6–2.2 cm, usually less than 1/2 as wide as long, base rounded, margins entire, apex acute to rounded, abaxial surface pale green, densely silvery lepidote or stellate-lepidote, adaxial surface darker green, less densely lepidote.

Inflorescences

bisexual, racemes, 2–5 cm, staminate flowers 15–35, pistillate flowers 2–8.

unisexual, racemes; staminate 2–8 cm, flowers 4–16; pistillate 0.5–1 cm, flowers 2–5.

Pedicels

staminate 1–5 mm, pistillate 0–2 mm.

staminate 1–4 mm, pistillate 2–5 mm.

Staminate flowers

sepals 5, 5 mm, abaxial surface lepidote;

petals 5, oblong-spatulate, 5 mm, abaxial surface densely lepidote, scales translucent, petals appearing hyaline;

stamens 10–15.

sepals 5, 1 mm, abaxial surface lepidote;

petals 0;

stamens 10–12.

Pistillate flowers

sepals 5–7, connate for 1/2+ length, equal, 3–4 mm, margins entire, apex incurved, abaxial surface lepidote;

petals 0;

ovary 3-locular;

styles 3, 2–4 mm, 1–3 times 2-fid at apex, terminal segments 6–24.

sepals 5, equal, 1.5–2 mm, margins entire, apex straight to slightly incurved, abaxial surface stellate-lepidote;

petals 0;

ovary 3-locular;

styles 3, 0.5–1.5 mm, 2–3 times 2-fid, terminal segments 12–24.

Capsules

5–6 × 3–4 mm, smooth;

columella 3-angled.

5–6 mm diam., smooth;

columella 3-winged.

Seeds

4–5 × 2.5–3 mm, dull.

3.5–5 × 3–4 mm, shiny or dull.

2n

= 28, 56.

Croton argyranthemus

Croton dioicus

Phenology Flowering Mar–Sep. Flowering Mar–Nov.
Habitat Deep sandy soils in pinelands, pine-oak scrub, sandhills. Limestone and igneous mountains, canyons, mesas, flats, disturbed areas.
Elevation 0–200 m. (0–700 ft.) 30–2000 m. (100–6600 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; TX; Mexico (Nuevo León, Tamaulipas)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
NM; TX; Mexico
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[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Croton argyranthemus is closely related to C. coryi. Although they have very different kinds of vegetative indumentum, the staminate petals are characteristically silvery-lepidote in both species.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 12, p. 211. FNA vol. 12, p. 214.
Parent taxa Euphorbiaceae > Croton Euphorbiaceae > Croton
Sibling taxa
C. alabamensis, C. argenteus, C. californicus, C. capitatus, C. ciliatoglandulifer, C. cortesianus, C. coryi, C. dioicus, C. elliottii, C. fruticulosus, C. glandulosus, C. heptalon, C. humilis, C. incanus, C. leucophyllus, C. lindheimeri, C. lindheimerianus, C. linearis, C. michauxii, C. monanthogynus, C. parksii, C. pottsii, C. punctatus, C. sancti-lazari, C. setigerus, C. soliman, C. sonorae, C. suaveolens, C. texensis, C. wigginsii
C. alabamensis, C. argenteus, C. argyranthemus, C. californicus, C. capitatus, C. ciliatoglandulifer, C. cortesianus, C. coryi, C. elliottii, C. fruticulosus, C. glandulosus, C. heptalon, C. humilis, C. incanus, C. leucophyllus, C. lindheimeri, C. lindheimerianus, C. linearis, C. michauxii, C. monanthogynus, C. parksii, C. pottsii, C. punctatus, C. sancti-lazari, C. setigerus, C. soliman, C. sonorae, C. suaveolens, C. texensis, C. wigginsii
Synonyms C. elaeagnifolius, C. gracilis, C. neomexicanus, C. vulpinus
Name authority Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 215. (1803) — (as argyranthemum) Cavanilles: Icon. 1: 4, plate 6. (1791) — (as dioicum)
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