Croton argyranthemus |
Croton dioicus |
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healing croton, silver croton, silverleaf croton |
grassland croton, hierba del gato, rosval, rubaldo |
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Habit | Herbs or subshrubs, annual or short-lived perennial, 1–6 dm, monoecious. | Subshrubs, 2–5(–9) dm, dioecious. |
Stems | several from base, branching distally into 2–4 branches, lepidote. |
well-branched from base, stellate-lepidote. |
Leaves | not clustered; stipules subulate, 0.2 mm; petiole 0.2–1(–2) cm, glands absent at apex; blade on proximal parts of stems oval to narrowly obovate, on distal parts oblong to lanceolate-oblong or broadly elliptic, 1–5 × 0.5–2(–3) cm, base rounded to narrowed, margins entire, apex obtuse to rounded, abaxial surface silvery, densely lepidote, adaxial surface darker green, sparsely lepidote or glabrate. |
not clustered; stipules rudimentary or absent; petiole 0.2–0.8(–2) cm, usually less than 1/2 blade length, glands absent at apex; blade narrowly elliptic-ovate to lanceolate, 1–6.5 × 0.6–2.2 cm, usually less than 1/2 as wide as long, base rounded, margins entire, apex acute to rounded, abaxial surface pale green, densely silvery lepidote or stellate-lepidote, adaxial surface darker green, less densely lepidote. |
Inflorescences | bisexual, racemes, 2–5 cm, staminate flowers 15–35, pistillate flowers 2–8. |
unisexual, racemes; staminate 2–8 cm, flowers 4–16; pistillate 0.5–1 cm, flowers 2–5. |
Pedicels | staminate 1–5 mm, pistillate 0–2 mm. |
staminate 1–4 mm, pistillate 2–5 mm. |
Staminate flowers | sepals 5, 5 mm, abaxial surface lepidote; petals 5, oblong-spatulate, 5 mm, abaxial surface densely lepidote, scales translucent, petals appearing hyaline; stamens 10–15. |
sepals 5, 1 mm, abaxial surface lepidote; petals 0; stamens 10–12. |
Pistillate flowers | sepals 5–7, connate for 1/2+ length, equal, 3–4 mm, margins entire, apex incurved, abaxial surface lepidote; petals 0; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 2–4 mm, 1–3 times 2-fid at apex, terminal segments 6–24. |
sepals 5, equal, 1.5–2 mm, margins entire, apex straight to slightly incurved, abaxial surface stellate-lepidote; petals 0; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 0.5–1.5 mm, 2–3 times 2-fid, terminal segments 12–24. |
Capsules | 5–6 × 3–4 mm, smooth; columella 3-angled. |
5–6 mm diam., smooth; columella 3-winged. |
Seeds | 4–5 × 2.5–3 mm, dull. |
3.5–5 × 3–4 mm, shiny or dull. |
2n | = 28, 56. |
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Croton argyranthemus |
Croton dioicus |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–Sep. | Flowering Mar–Nov. |
Habitat | Deep sandy soils in pinelands, pine-oak scrub, sandhills. | Limestone and igneous mountains, canyons, mesas, flats, disturbed areas. |
Elevation | 0–200 m. (0–700 ft.) | 30–2000 m. (100–6600 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; TX; Mexico (Nuevo León, Tamaulipas)
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NM; TX; Mexico
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Discussion | Croton argyranthemus is closely related to C. coryi. Although they have very different kinds of vegetative indumentum, the staminate petals are characteristically silvery-lepidote in both species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 211. | FNA vol. 12, p. 214. |
Parent taxa | Euphorbiaceae > Croton | Euphorbiaceae > Croton |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. elaeagnifolius, C. gracilis, C. neomexicanus, C. vulpinus | |
Name authority | Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 215. (1803) — (as argyranthemum) | Cavanilles: Icon. 1: 4, plate 6. (1791) — (as dioicum) |
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