Croton argenteus |
Croton californicus |
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silver July croton |
California croton, desert croton |
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Habit | Herbs, annual, 2–12 dm, monoecious. | Subshrubs or shrubs, 4–11 dm, dioecious. |
Stems | branching once into 2–3 branches, tomentose. |
loosely branched, stellate-lepidote. |
Leaves | sometimes clustered near inflorescences; stipules linear-subulate, 4–11 mm, unlobed or deeply divided; petiole 0.3–8 cm, glands absent at apex; blade ovate to ovate-oblong, 2–15 × 1.5–8 cm, base obtuse, cuneate, or subtruncate, margins denticulate, apex obtuse to rounded, abaxial surface pale green, not appearing brown-dotted, no stellate hairs with brown centers, densely stellate-hairy, adaxial surface green, less densely stellate-hairy. |
not clustered; stipules absent; petiole 1–3.5(–4.5) cm, usually less than 1/2 blade length, glands absent at apex; blade elliptic to narrowly oblong, 2–5.5(–7) × 0.8–2(–2.5) cm, usually more than 2 times as long as wide, base obtuse, margins entire, apex obtuse to rounded, abaxial surface light green, adaxial surface darker green, both stellate-lepidote. |
Inflorescences | bisexual, congested racemes, 1–4 cm, staminate flowers 4–10, pistillate flowers 3–6. |
unisexual, racemes or thyrses; staminate 0.5–3.5(–10) cm, flowers 3–8(–20); pistillate 0.5–1 cm, flowers 1–6. |
Pedicels | staminate 2–3 mm, pistillate 1–4 mm (3–5 mm in fruit). |
staminate 1–5.5(–7) mm, pistillate to 1 mm (1–3 mm in fruit). |
Staminate flowers | sepals 5, 1.5–2 mm, abaxial surface stellate-hairy; petals 5, oblong, 2–3 mm, abaxial surface glabrous except margins ciliate; stamens 10–13. |
sepals 5, 1 mm, abaxial surface stellate-lepidote; petals 0; stamens 10–15. |
Pistillate flowers | sepals 5, unequal, 4–8 mm, margins deeply laciniate, apex incurved, abaxial surface stellate-hairy; petals 0; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 2–3 mm, 4-fid, terminal segments 12. |
sepals 5, equal, 2 mm, margins entire, apex incurved, abaxial surface stellate-lepidote; petals 0; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 2–2.5 mm, 4-fid, terminal segments usually 12. |
Capsules | 5 × 7 mm, smooth; columella 3-angled. |
6–8 × 5–7 mm, smooth; columella 3-winged. |
Seeds | 3.2–3.8 × 2.4–3 mm, dull. |
4–5.5 × 3.5–5.5 mm, dull. |
2n | = 28. |
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Croton argenteus |
Croton californicus |
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Phenology | Flowering Jun–Dec. | Flowering Feb–Oct. |
Habitat | Disturbed sites, waste areas, levees. | Sandy soils, sage scrub, dunes, washes. |
Elevation | 0–50 m. (0–200 ft.) | 0–900 m. (0–3000 ft.) |
Distribution |
TX; e Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies [Introduced in North America] |
AZ; CA; NV; UT; Mexico (Baja California, Sinaloa)
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Discussion | Croton argenteus, which in the flora area is known only from Cameron and Hidalgo counties, may be a fairly recent introduction into the United States; the earliest known collections date from 1923. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 12, p. 211. | FNA vol. 12, p. 211. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | family euphorbiaceae Julocroton argenteus | Hendecandra procumbens, C. californicus var. longipes, C. californicus var. mohavensis, C. californicus var. tenuis, C. longipes, C. mohavensis, C. tenuis |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 1004. (1753) — (as argenteum) | Müller Arg.: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 15(2): 691. (1866) |
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