Crotalaria sagittalis |
Crotalaria pumila |
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arrow crotalaria, arrow-head rattlebox, common rattlebox |
low rattlebox |
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Habit | Herbs annual. | Herbs annual or perennial. | ||||
Stems | erect to decumbent, 4–40 cm, hirsute-pilose. |
sometimes ligneous basally, mostly decumbent to prostrate, 15–100 cm, minutely and sparsely strigillose. |
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Leaves | unifoliolate; stipules sometimes absent, decurrent on mid and distal stems, lanceolate-auriculate or triangular, with 2 distinct, persistent, triangular distal lobes, (3–)5–10 mm or absent (in var. blumeriana); subsessile; blade elliptic to oblong or linear-lanceolate, 10–80 mm, length 4–8 times width, surfaces strigose to sparsely rusty-pilose. |
3-foliolate; stipules caducous, narrowly triangular, setaceous, 0.5–1 mm; leaflet blades narrowly obovate to oblong or elliptic-oblong, 7–15(–35) mm, length 1.5–3.5(–6) times width, surfaces strigose abaxially, glabrous adaxially. |
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Racemes | (1 or)2–5-flowered, terminal, subterminal, or lateral, 2–6 cm; bracts persistent, linear-triangular. |
(1–)4–8-flowered, terminal, subterminal, or lateral, 1–6(–10) cm; bracts caducous, subulate. |
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Flowers | calyx broadly cylindrical, 5–8 mm, lobes triangular-lanceolate, glabrous or slightly puberulous to rusty-pilose; corolla bright yellow, 9–11 mm. |
calyx campanulate, 3–5.5 mm, lobes triangular, strigose; corolla yellow, often red- or orange-tinged or red-lined, 7–11 mm. |
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Legumes | 7–27(–36) × 5–11 mm, glabrous. |
yellowish, 12–20 × 4–8 mm, minutely strigillose. |
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2n | = 32. |
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Crotalaria sagittalis |
Crotalaria pumila |
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Phenology | Flowering Aug–Oct, Dec–May. | |||||
Habitat | Sandy waste areas, dunes, sand ridges, sandy pine woods, dune thickets, hammock margins, grassy hillsides, creek bottoms, alluvium. | |||||
Elevation | 0–10 m, 1100–1800 m. (0–0 ft, 3600–5900 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
United States; Mexico; Central America; West Indies
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AZ; FL; NM; OK; TX; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Plants of Crotalaria pumila in the south-central and southwestern United States tend to have more elongate leaflets than those from Florida and are often found on grassy hillsides, creek bottoms, and in alluvium, from 1100–1800 m; flowering is from August to October. In Florida, it is found in low elevation, mostly sandy habitats, and flowers from December to May. It was collected on chrome ore piles in Baltimore, Maryland, in the 1950s but did not become established there. A record cited by H. A. Senn (1939) attributed to Utah is doubtful, and no subsequent specimens have been reported from that state. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. | ||||
Parent taxa | ||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 714. (1753) | Ortega: Nov. Pl. Descr. Dec. 2: 23. (1797) | ||||
Web links |