Crocanthemum rosmarinifolium |
Crocanthemum suffrutescens |
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rosemary frostweed |
Bisbee Peak rush-rose, Ione rushrose |
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Habit | Herbs. | Subshrubs. |
Stems | ascending to erect, (13–)20–40(–51) cm, stellate-tomentose. |
erect, 35–80 cm, usually stellate-pannose, sometimes sparsely stellate-pubescent. |
Leaves | cauline and, sometimes, basal basal mat-forming; petiole 1–3 mm; blade obovate, 10–22 × 3–5 mm; cauline: petiole 1–4 mm; blade oblanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, 10–38(–48) × 2–5.5(–7.8) mm, margins revolute; surfaces stellate-tomentose abaxially, stellate-pubescent adaxially, without simple hairs; lateral veins obscure abaxially. |
cauline, tending to persist in summer; petiole 0–1 mm; blade linear to lanceolate, 10–30(–43) × 2–8 mm, surfaces stellate-pannose, lateral veins obscure abaxially. |
Inflorescences | axillary and terminal, solitary flowers or glomerules; chasmogamous flowers solitary, at tips of branches, overtopping cleistogamous, cleistogamous 2–7 per glomerule, flowering 1–3 months later than chasmogamous. |
terminal, narrow panicles, usually stellate-pannose, sometimes sparsely stellate-pubescent; chasmogamous flowers 8–20 per panicle, cleistogamous 0. |
Pedicels | 10–22 mm; bracts 3–7 × 0.5–1 mm. |
1–9 mm, sparsely or not glandular-hairy; bracts 5–25 × 0.3 mm. |
Chasmogamous | flowers: outer sepals linear, 1.2–2.5 × 0.2 mm, inner sepals 2.5–4.3 × 1.3–2 mm, apex acute; petals obovate, 4–6 × 3.5–5 mm; capsules 2–3 × 1.4–1.8 mm, glabrous. |
flowers: outer sepals linear, 2 × 0.2 mm, inner sepals 5–7(–8) × 2.5–3.5 mm, apex acute to acuminate; calyx stellate-pubescent, hairs to 1 mm; petals obovate, 6–9 × 5–7 mm; capsules 3.5–4.3 × 2.5–2.7 mm, glabrous. |
Cleistogamous | flowers: outer sepals linear, 0.5–1 × 0.2 mm, inner sepals ovate, 1.5–1.8 × 1–1.5 mm, apex acute; capsules 1.3–1.7 × 1–1.3 mm, glabrous. |
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Crocanthemum rosmarinifolium |
Crocanthemum suffrutescens |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jul. | Flowering Apr–Jun. |
Habitat | Dry, sandy roadsides, openings in pine and pine-oak woodlands, disturbed soil of clearings and fields | Xeric to dry chaparral in shallow soil of Ione Formation |
Elevation | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) | 100–700 m (300–2300 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; OK; SC; TX; West Indies (Dominican Republic) |
CA |
Discussion | Crocanthemum rosmarinifolium is easily distinguished from sympatric species by its slender leaves, relatively small petaliferous flowers, occasional basal leaves, and overall pale color. As noted by R. M. Harper over a century ago, it seems not to occupy natural habitats and is found primarily on roadsides. Populations in the Dominican Republic occur up to at least 2200 m. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Crocanthemum suffrutescens is known from Amador and Calaveras counties, where it is often associated with Arctostaphylos myrtifolia, grasses, and shrub oaks. The remarkable soils of the Ione Formation harbor other localized endemics, including A. myrtifolia, Eriogonum apricum, and Horkelia parryi. Crocanthemum suffrutescens is similar to C. aldersonii in its tall habit, paniculate inflorescence, and long sepals; it differs in its denser stellate tomentum, shorter and straight inflorescence branches, smaller corollas, and thickened bases to the stellate hairs of the calyx. Leaves of C. suffrutescens tend to persist through summer; they tend to drop in C. aldersonii and C. scoparium; these are tendencies only and cannot be relied on for identification. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 6, p. 407. | FNA vol. 6, p. 408. |
Parent taxa | Cistaceae > Crocanthemum | Cistaceae > Crocanthemum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Helianthemum rosmarinifolium, C. domingense, C. stenophyllum | Helianthemum suffrutescens |
Name authority | (Pursh) Janchen: in H. G. A. Engler et al., Nat. Pflanzenfam. ed. 2, 21: 307. (1925) | (B. Schreiber) Sorrie: Phytologia 93: 271. (2011) |
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