Crepis vesicaria |
Crepis tectorum |
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beak hawk's-beard, weedy hawksbeard |
annual hawksbeard, crépis des troits, narrow-leaf hawk's-beard, rooftop hawksbeard |
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Habit | Annuals, biennials, or perennials, 3–120 cm (taproots slender to thick, caudices swollen). | Annuals, 10–100 cm (taproots shallow). |
Stems | 1, erect to arcuate or decumbent (green or purple proximally), usually much branched, glabrate to hispid and/or tomentose, sometimes sparsely setose (setae black). |
1, erect (fistulose), branched distally or from bases, tomentulose and/or hispid. |
Leaves | basal and cauline; petiolate (bases clasping); blades oblanceolate to ovate, often runcinate, 10–35 × 2–8 cm, margins pinnately lobed to toothed (terminal lobes relatively large), apices obtuse or acute, faces usually hirsute (hairs sometimes only on veins) or glabrous (cauline sessile, bases auriculate, clasping, margins ± toothed). |
basal and cauline; petiolate; blades lanceolate to oblanceolate, often coarsely runcinate, 5–15 × 1–4 cm, margins entire, denticulate, or dentate to pinnately lobed (lobes remote, coarse, unequal), apices acute to acuminate, abaxial faces glabrous or tomentose, adaxial glabrous (proximal cauline sessile, bases auriculate, distal usually linear, entire). |
Involucres | cylindro-campanulate (becoming turbinate or urceolate in fruit), 5–14 × 5–6 mm. |
cylindro-campanulate, 6–9 × 7–8 mm. |
Florets | 50–70; corollas yellow (reddish abaxially), 6–15 mm. |
30–70; corollas yellow (without red on ligules), 10–13 mm. |
Phyllaries | 7–16, (reflexed at maturity) lanceolate, 10–12 mm, (margins green to yellowish), apices obtuse or acute (ciliate), abaxial faces tomentose and often stipitate-glandular, adaxial with fine, appressed hairs. |
12–15, lanceolate, 5–9 mm, (bases becoming keeled and thickened, margins scarious), apices acute to attenuate (white-ciliate, tomentulose), abaxial faces tomentose to hispidulous, adaxial with fine, appressed hairs. |
Calyculi | of 5–12, ovate to linear-lanceolate, glabrous bractlets 3–4 mm (reflexed in fruit, scarious). |
of ± 12, subulate, tomentose and hispidulous bractlets 2–5 mm (often becoming scarious). |
Heads | 10–20, in lax, corymbiform arrays. |
5–20(–100+), in paniculiform or corymbiform arrays. |
Cypselae | (monomorphic or dimorphic) pale brown or yellowish, fusiform, 4–9 mm, outer wider with apices attenuate (not beaked), inner gradually tapered, beaked (beaks 2–5 mm, ± equal to bodies), ribs 10 (narrow); pappi white (fine, soft), 3–6 mm. |
dark reddish or purplish brown, fusiform, 3–4 mm, apices constricted (not beaked), ribs 10 (rounded, minutely spiculate); pappi white (fine, soft), 4–5 mm. |
2n | = 8, 16. |
= 8. |
Crepis vesicaria |
Crepis tectorum |
|
Phenology | Flowering Feb–Oct. | Flowering May–Sep. |
Habitat | Sandy clearings, hillsides | Dry, sandy, pine woods, disturbed places, abandoned fields, forest clearings, wooded slopes, dry streambeds |
Elevation | 0–300 m (0–1000 ft) | 100–300 m (300–1000 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; CT; NC; NY; OR; PA; BC; Europe [Introduced in North America; introduced, South America]
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AK; CA; CT; DC; IA; IL; IN; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; LB; MB; NB; NS; NT; ON; QC; SK; YT; Greenland; Europe [Introduced in North America; introduced, Asia]
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Discussion | Native to the Mediterranean region of western Europe, Crepis vesicaria is recognized by its annual or biennial habit, pinnately lobed leaves, reflexed calyculi, tomentose and glandular phyllaries, and slender, long-beaked inner cypselae. It is polymorphic; subspecies are recognized in Europe. E. B. Babcock (1947) identified the North American plants as subsp. taraxaciflora (Thuiller) Thellung, which some Europeans (T. G. Tutin et al. 1964–1980, vol. 4) have listed as a synonym of subsp. haenseleri (Boissier ex de Candolle) P. D. Sell. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Crepis tectorum is recognized by its annual habit, keeled phyllaries with minute hairs on adaxial faces, and dark reddish or purplish brown cypselae. It is widespread, often abundant, occurs in a great variety of habitats, and is considered a noxious weed in some states. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 19, p. 238. | FNA vol. 19, p. 238. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Crepis | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Crepis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 805. (1753) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 807. (1753) |
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