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beak hawk's-beard, weedy hawksbeard

small-flower hawksbeard

Habit Annuals, biennials, or perennials, 3–120 cm (taproots slender to thick, caudices swollen). Annuals, 5–100 cm (taproots slender).
Stems

1, erect to arcuate or decumbent (green or purple proximally), usually much branched, glabrate to hispid and/or tomentose, sometimes sparsely setose (setae black).

1, erect, simple, proximally hispid and stipitate-glandular (viscid), distally glabrous.

Leaves

basal and cauline;

petiolate (bases clasping);

blades oblanceolate to ovate, often runcinate, 10–35 × 2–8 cm, margins pinnately lobed to toothed (terminal lobes relatively large), apices obtuse or acute, faces usually hirsute (hairs sometimes only on veins) or glabrous (cauline sessile, bases auriculate, clasping, margins ± toothed).

basal and cauline;

petiolate;

blades oblanceolate or runcinate, 1–24 × 1–5 cm, (bases attenuate) margins deeply pinnately lobed to denticulate (lobes triangular, terminal lobes largest), apices obtuse to acute, faces densely stipitate-glandular (viscid).

Involucres

cylindro-campanulate (becoming turbinate or urceolate in fruit), 5–14 × 5–6 mm.

cylindric (turbinate in fruit), 8–12 × 3–5 mm.

Florets

50–70;

corollas yellow (reddish abaxially), 6–15 mm.

15–30;

corollas light yellow, 5–12 mm.

Phyllaries

7–16, (reflexed at maturity) lanceolate, 10–12 mm, (margins green to yellowish), apices obtuse or acute (ciliate), abaxial faces tomentose and often stipitate-glandular, adaxial with fine, appressed hairs.

10–14, (green medially) lanceolate, 8–10 mm, (bases strongly keeled and thickened, margins scarious), apices acute, faces glabrous.

Calyculi

of 5–12, ovate to linear-lanceolate, glabrous bractlets 3–4 mm (reflexed in fruit, scarious).

of 5–7, ovate or lanceolate, glabrous bractlets 1–2 mm.

Heads

10–20, in lax, corymbiform arrays.

10–40, in loose, corymbiform arrays.

Cypselae

(monomorphic or dimorphic) pale brown or yellowish, fusiform, 4–9 mm, outer wider with apices attenuate (not beaked), inner gradually tapered, beaked (beaks 2–5 mm, ± equal to bodies), ribs 10 (narrow);

pappi white (fine, soft), 3–6 mm.

(monomorphic or dimorphic) green to yellowish brown, subcylindric, outer 5–6 mm, inner 4–5 mm, apices attenuate (not beaked), ribs 10–12;

pappi dusky white (very fine, fluffy), 4–5 mm.

2n

= 8, 16.

= 8.

Crepis vesicaria

Crepis pulchra

Phenology Flowering Feb–Oct. Flowering Apr–Aug.
Habitat Sandy clearings, hillsides Dry open habitats, rolling grasslands, pastures, abandoned fields, waste areas, railroads, roadsides
Elevation 0–300 m (0–1000 ft) 0–3000 m (0–9800 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; CT; NC; NY; OR; PA; BC; Europe [Introduced in North America; introduced, South America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; CA; DC; GA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; OH; OK; OR; SC; TN; TX; VA; WV; ON; Eurasia [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Native to the Mediterranean region of western Europe, Crepis vesicaria is recognized by its annual or biennial habit, pinnately lobed leaves, reflexed calyculi, tomentose and glandular phyllaries, and slender, long-beaked inner cypselae. It is polymorphic; subspecies are recognized in Europe. E. B. Babcock (1947) identified the North American plants as subsp. taraxaciflora (Thuiller) Thellung, which some Europeans (T. G. Tutin et al. 1964–1980, vol. 4) have listed as a synonym of subsp. haenseleri (Boissier ex de Candolle) P. D. Sell.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Crepis pulchra is identified by its annual habit; solitary, erect, glandular, and viscid stems; narrowly oblanceolate, runcinate, hispid leaves with relatively large terminal segments; glabrous and strongly keeled phyllaries; sometimes dimorphic cypselae; and fluffy, dusky white pappi.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 19, p. 238. FNA vol. 19, p. 234.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Crepis Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Crepis
Sibling taxa
C. acuminata, C. atribarba, C. bakeri, C. barbigera, C. biennis, C. bursifolia, C. capillaris, C. elegans, C. foetida, C. intermedia, C. modocensis, C. monticola, C. nana, C. nicaeënsis, C. occidentalis, C. pannonica, C. pleurocarpa, C. pulchra, C. rubra, C. runcinata, C. setosa, C. tectorum, C. zacintha
C. acuminata, C. atribarba, C. bakeri, C. barbigera, C. biennis, C. bursifolia, C. capillaris, C. elegans, C. foetida, C. intermedia, C. modocensis, C. monticola, C. nana, C. nicaeënsis, C. occidentalis, C. pannonica, C. pleurocarpa, C. rubra, C. runcinata, C. setosa, C. tectorum, C. vesicaria, C. zacintha
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 805. (1753) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 806. (1753)
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