Crepis vesicaria |
Crepis pannonica |
|
---|---|---|
beak hawk's-beard, weedy hawksbeard |
pasture hawksbeard |
|
Habit | Annuals, biennials, or perennials, 3–120 cm (taproots slender to thick, caudices swollen). | Perennials, 30–130 cm (taproots stout, caudices branched). |
Stems | 1, erect to arcuate or decumbent (green or purple proximally), usually much branched, glabrate to hispid and/or tomentose, sometimes sparsely setose (setae black). |
1, erect, branched distally, setulose and sometimes glandular proximally. |
Leaves | basal and cauline; petiolate (bases clasping); blades oblanceolate to ovate, often runcinate, 10–35 × 2–8 cm, margins pinnately lobed to toothed (terminal lobes relatively large), apices obtuse or acute, faces usually hirsute (hairs sometimes only on veins) or glabrous (cauline sessile, bases auriculate, clasping, margins ± toothed). |
mostly cauline; petiolate or sessile; blades broadly oblanceolate to elliptic, 15–30 × 4–6 cm, margins closely toothed (teeth corneous apically and sometimes along margins), apices acute, faces scabrous, ± setulose and stipitate-glandular; (cauline sessile, ovate or elliptic, bases auriculate). |
Involucres | cylindro-campanulate (becoming turbinate or urceolate in fruit), 5–14 × 5–6 mm. |
cylindro-campanulate, 10–15 × 6–12 mm. |
Florets | 50–70; corollas yellow (reddish abaxially), 6–15 mm. |
50–90; corollas yellow, 15–18 mm (sparsely tomentulose). |
Phyllaries | 7–16, (reflexed at maturity) lanceolate, 10–12 mm, (margins green to yellowish), apices obtuse or acute (ciliate), abaxial faces tomentose and often stipitate-glandular, adaxial with fine, appressed hairs. |
12–15, lanceolate, 9–10 mm, (bases strongly thickened, margins green), apices (dark) acute, abaxial faces tomentulose, sometimes with setae, adaxial glabrous. |
Calyculi | of 5–12, ovate to linear-lanceolate, glabrous bractlets 3–4 mm (reflexed in fruit, scarious). |
of 10–12, lanceolate to linear, sparsely tomentulous bractlets 3–5 mm. |
Heads | 10–20, in lax, corymbiform arrays. |
1–8, borne singly or (on racemiform branches) in compound, paniculiform or corymbiform arrays. |
Cypselae | (monomorphic or dimorphic) pale brown or yellowish, fusiform, 4–9 mm, outer wider with apices attenuate (not beaked), inner gradually tapered, beaked (beaks 2–5 mm, ± equal to bodies), ribs 10 (narrow); pappi white (fine, soft), 3–6 mm. |
brown, fusiform, 5–6 mm, apices narrowed (not beaked), ribs 15–20; pappi white (soft), 5–8 mm. |
2n | = 8, 16. |
= 8. |
Crepis vesicaria |
Crepis pannonica |
|
Phenology | Flowering Feb–Oct. | Flowering Jun–Aug. |
Habitat | Sandy clearings, hillsides | Dry, open, grassy areas, pastures |
Elevation | 0–300 m (0–1000 ft) | 1000–2000 m (3300–6600 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; CT; NC; NY; OR; PA; BC; Europe [Introduced in North America; introduced, South America]
|
CT; Europe [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | Native to the Mediterranean region of western Europe, Crepis vesicaria is recognized by its annual or biennial habit, pinnately lobed leaves, reflexed calyculi, tomentose and glandular phyllaries, and slender, long-beaked inner cypselae. It is polymorphic; subspecies are recognized in Europe. E. B. Babcock (1947) identified the North American plants as subsp. taraxaciflora (Thuiller) Thellung, which some Europeans (T. G. Tutin et al. 1964–1980, vol. 4) have listed as a synonym of subsp. haenseleri (Boissier ex de Candolle) P. D. Sell. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Crepis pannonica is recognized by its leafy, erect stems, broadly elliptic or obovate leaves with closely dentate margins, auriculate distal leaves, and tomentulose phyllaries. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 19, p. 238. | FNA vol. 19, p. 233. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Crepis | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Crepis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Hieracium pannonicum | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 805. (1753) | (Jacquin) K. Koch: Linnaea 23: 689. (1851) |
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