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beak hawk's-beard, weedy hawksbeard

pasture hawksbeard

Habit Annuals, biennials, or perennials, 3–120 cm (taproots slender to thick, caudices swollen). Perennials, 30–130 cm (taproots stout, caudices branched).
Stems

1, erect to arcuate or decumbent (green or purple proximally), usually much branched, glabrate to hispid and/or tomentose, sometimes sparsely setose (setae black).

1, erect, branched distally, setulose and sometimes glandular proximally.

Leaves

basal and cauline;

petiolate (bases clasping);

blades oblanceolate to ovate, often runcinate, 10–35 × 2–8 cm, margins pinnately lobed to toothed (terminal lobes relatively large), apices obtuse or acute, faces usually hirsute (hairs sometimes only on veins) or glabrous (cauline sessile, bases auriculate, clasping, margins ± toothed).

mostly cauline;

petiolate or sessile;

blades broadly oblanceolate to elliptic, 15–30 × 4–6 cm, margins closely toothed (teeth corneous apically and sometimes along margins), apices acute, faces scabrous, ± setulose and stipitate-glandular; (cauline sessile, ovate or elliptic, bases auriculate).

Involucres

cylindro-campanulate (becoming turbinate or urceolate in fruit), 5–14 × 5–6 mm.

cylindro-campanulate, 10–15 × 6–12 mm.

Florets

50–70;

corollas yellow (reddish abaxially), 6–15 mm.

50–90;

corollas yellow, 15–18 mm (sparsely tomentulose).

Phyllaries

7–16, (reflexed at maturity) lanceolate, 10–12 mm, (margins green to yellowish), apices obtuse or acute (ciliate), abaxial faces tomentose and often stipitate-glandular, adaxial with fine, appressed hairs.

12–15, lanceolate, 9–10 mm, (bases strongly thickened, margins green), apices (dark) acute, abaxial faces tomentulose, sometimes with setae, adaxial glabrous.

Calyculi

of 5–12, ovate to linear-lanceolate, glabrous bractlets 3–4 mm (reflexed in fruit, scarious).

of 10–12, lanceolate to linear, sparsely tomentulous bractlets 3–5 mm.

Heads

10–20, in lax, corymbiform arrays.

1–8, borne singly or (on racemiform branches) in compound, paniculiform or corymbiform arrays.

Cypselae

(monomorphic or dimorphic) pale brown or yellowish, fusiform, 4–9 mm, outer wider with apices attenuate (not beaked), inner gradually tapered, beaked (beaks 2–5 mm, ± equal to bodies), ribs 10 (narrow);

pappi white (fine, soft), 3–6 mm.

brown, fusiform, 5–6 mm, apices narrowed (not beaked), ribs 15–20;

pappi white (soft), 5–8 mm.

2n

= 8, 16.

= 8.

Crepis vesicaria

Crepis pannonica

Phenology Flowering Feb–Oct. Flowering Jun–Aug.
Habitat Sandy clearings, hillsides Dry, open, grassy areas, pastures
Elevation 0–300 m (0–1000 ft) 1000–2000 m (3300–6600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; CT; NC; NY; OR; PA; BC; Europe [Introduced in North America; introduced, South America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CT; Europe [Introduced in North America]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Native to the Mediterranean region of western Europe, Crepis vesicaria is recognized by its annual or biennial habit, pinnately lobed leaves, reflexed calyculi, tomentose and glandular phyllaries, and slender, long-beaked inner cypselae. It is polymorphic; subspecies are recognized in Europe. E. B. Babcock (1947) identified the North American plants as subsp. taraxaciflora (Thuiller) Thellung, which some Europeans (T. G. Tutin et al. 1964–1980, vol. 4) have listed as a synonym of subsp. haenseleri (Boissier ex de Candolle) P. D. Sell.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Crepis pannonica is recognized by its leafy, erect stems, broadly elliptic or obovate leaves with closely dentate margins, auriculate distal leaves, and tomentulose phyllaries.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 19, p. 238. FNA vol. 19, p. 233.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Crepis Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Crepis
Sibling taxa
C. acuminata, C. atribarba, C. bakeri, C. barbigera, C. biennis, C. bursifolia, C. capillaris, C. elegans, C. foetida, C. intermedia, C. modocensis, C. monticola, C. nana, C. nicaeënsis, C. occidentalis, C. pannonica, C. pleurocarpa, C. pulchra, C. rubra, C. runcinata, C. setosa, C. tectorum, C. zacintha
C. acuminata, C. atribarba, C. bakeri, C. barbigera, C. biennis, C. bursifolia, C. capillaris, C. elegans, C. foetida, C. intermedia, C. modocensis, C. monticola, C. nana, C. nicaeënsis, C. occidentalis, C. pleurocarpa, C. pulchra, C. rubra, C. runcinata, C. setosa, C. tectorum, C. vesicaria, C. zacintha
Synonyms Hieracium pannonicum
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 805. (1753) (Jacquin) K. Koch: Linnaea 23: 689. (1851)
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