Crepis vesicaria |
Crepis monticola |
|
---|---|---|
beak hawk's-beard, weedy hawksbeard |
mountain hawk's beard |
|
Habit | Annuals, biennials, or perennials, 3–120 cm (taproots slender to thick, caudices swollen). | Perennials, 10–35 cm (taproots vertical, caudices simple or branched). |
Stems | 1, erect to arcuate or decumbent (green or purple proximally), usually much branched, glabrate to hispid and/or tomentose, sometimes sparsely setose (setae black). |
1–3, erect (reddish brown), stout, branched proximally, densely setose and stipitate-glandular (setae 1–3 mm). |
Leaves | basal and cauline; petiolate (bases clasping); blades oblanceolate to ovate, often runcinate, 10–35 × 2–8 cm, margins pinnately lobed to toothed (terminal lobes relatively large), apices obtuse or acute, faces usually hirsute (hairs sometimes only on veins) or glabrous (cauline sessile, bases auriculate, clasping, margins ± toothed). |
basal and cauline; petiolate; blades elliptic or oblanceolate, 10–25 × 2–4 cm, margins pinnately lobed or sharply serrate (lobes lanceolate, acuminate), apices acute, faces villous or coarsely setose, stipitate-glandular (cauline 2–3, bases clasping, margins dentate or serrate). |
Involucres | cylindro-campanulate (becoming turbinate or urceolate in fruit), 5–14 × 5–6 mm. |
cylindro-campanulate, 14–24 × 5–15 mm. |
Florets | 50–70; corollas yellow (reddish abaxially), 6–15 mm. |
16–20; corollas yellow, 16–21 mm. |
Phyllaries | 7–16, (reflexed at maturity) lanceolate, 10–12 mm, (margins green to yellowish), apices obtuse or acute (ciliate), abaxial faces tomentose and often stipitate-glandular, adaxial with fine, appressed hairs. |
7–12, lanceolate, 14–20 mm (margins yellowish, not scarious), apices long-acuminate, abaxial faces densely and coarsely setose, adaxial glabrous or with fine, appressed, yellowish hairs. |
Calyculi | of 5–12, ovate to linear-lanceolate, glabrous bractlets 3–4 mm (reflexed in fruit, scarious). |
of 3–10, narrowly lanceolate to linear, densely setose and stipitate-glandular bractlets 3–5 mm. |
Heads | 10–20, in lax, corymbiform arrays. |
2–20, in loose cymiform arrays. |
Cypselae | (monomorphic or dimorphic) pale brown or yellowish, fusiform, 4–9 mm, outer wider with apices attenuate (not beaked), inner gradually tapered, beaked (beaks 2–5 mm, ± equal to bodies), ribs 10 (narrow); pappi white (fine, soft), 3–6 mm. |
reddish brown, fusiform, 5.5–9 mm, apices narrowed (not beaked), ribs 13; pappi creamy white, 9–13 mm (outer bristles shorter and finer). |
2n | = 8, 16. |
= 22, 33, 44, 55, 77, 88. |
Crepis vesicaria |
Crepis monticola |
|
Phenology | Flowering Feb–Oct. | Flowering May–Jul. |
Habitat | Sandy clearings, hillsides | Coniferous forests, thickets, open woods, valleys and foothills, dry gravelly open areas |
Elevation | 0–300 m (0–1000 ft) | 700–2400 m (2300–7900 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; CT; NC; NY; OR; PA; BC; Europe [Introduced in North America; introduced, South America]
|
CA; OR
|
Discussion | Native to the Mediterranean region of western Europe, Crepis vesicaria is recognized by its annual or biennial habit, pinnately lobed leaves, reflexed calyculi, tomentose and glandular phyllaries, and slender, long-beaked inner cypselae. It is polymorphic; subspecies are recognized in Europe. E. B. Babcock (1947) identified the North American plants as subsp. taraxaciflora (Thuiller) Thellung, which some Europeans (T. G. Tutin et al. 1964–1980, vol. 4) have listed as a synonym of subsp. haenseleri (Boissier ex de Candolle) P. D. Sell. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Crepis monticola is recognized by the densely stipitate-glandular stems and leaves, and long-acuminate phyllaries. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 19, p. 238. | FNA vol. 19, p. 230. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Crepis | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Crepis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | C. occidentalis var. crinita | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 805. (1753) | Coville: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 3: 562, plate 22. (1896) |
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