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beak hawk's-beard, weedy hawksbeard

gray hawksbeard, grey hawksbeard, intermediate hawksbeard, limestone hawksbeard, small-flower hawksbeard

Habit Annuals, biennials, or perennials, 3–120 cm (taproots slender to thick, caudices swollen). Perennials, 25–60 cm (taproots stout or slender, caudices swollen, simple or branched, covered with brown leaf bases).
Stems

1, erect to arcuate or decumbent (green or purple proximally), usually much branched, glabrate to hispid and/or tomentose, sometimes sparsely setose (setae black).

1–2, erect, branched (proximal branches elongate, branched distally), ± tomentose-canescent.

Leaves

basal and cauline;

petiolate (bases clasping);

blades oblanceolate to ovate, often runcinate, 10–35 × 2–8 cm, margins pinnately lobed to toothed (terminal lobes relatively large), apices obtuse or acute, faces usually hirsute (hairs sometimes only on veins) or glabrous (cauline sessile, bases auriculate, clasping, margins ± toothed).

basal and cauline;

petiolate (petiole bases clasping);

blades elliptic-lanceolate, 10–40 × 2–9 cm, margins pinnately lobed (lobes remote or close, entire or dentate), apices acute or acuminate, faces densely or sparsely gray-tomentose.

Involucres

cylindro-campanulate (becoming turbinate or urceolate in fruit), 5–14 × 5–6 mm.

narrowly cylindric, 10–16 × 3–5 mm.

Florets

50–70;

corollas yellow (reddish abaxially), 6–15 mm.

7–12;

corollas yellow, 14–30 mm.

Phyllaries

7–16, (reflexed at maturity) lanceolate, 10–12 mm, (margins green to yellowish), apices obtuse or acute (ciliate), abaxial faces tomentose and often stipitate-glandular, adaxial with fine, appressed hairs.

7–10, (medially green) lanceolate, 10–13 mm (margins scarious), apices acute, abaxial faces ± tomentulose, sometimes with greenish eglandular setae, adaxial with fine hairs.

Calyculi

of 5–12, ovate to linear-lanceolate, glabrous bractlets 3–4 mm (reflexed in fruit, scarious).

of 6–8, narrowly triangular, tomentulose bractlets 2–4 mm.

Heads

10–20, in lax, corymbiform arrays.

(10–)20–60, in ± flat-topped, compound, corymbiform or paniculiform arrays.

Cypselae

(monomorphic or dimorphic) pale brown or yellowish, fusiform, 4–9 mm, outer wider with apices attenuate (not beaked), inner gradually tapered, beaked (beaks 2–5 mm, ± equal to bodies), ribs 10 (narrow);

pappi white (fine, soft), 3–6 mm.

yellow or golden brown, subcylindric, 6–9 mm, tapered distally, ribs 10–12 (smooth);

pappi dusky white, 7–10 mm.

2n

= 8, 16.

= 33, 44, 55, 88.

Crepis vesicaria

Crepis intermedia

Phenology Flowering Feb–Oct. Flowering May–Jul.
Habitat Sandy clearings, hillsides Open rocky ridges, dry slopes, open forests
Elevation 0–300 m (0–1000 ft) 800–3900 m (2600–12800 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; CT; NC; NY; OR; PA; BC; Europe [Introduced in North America; introduced, South America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; SK
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Native to the Mediterranean region of western Europe, Crepis vesicaria is recognized by its annual or biennial habit, pinnately lobed leaves, reflexed calyculi, tomentose and glandular phyllaries, and slender, long-beaked inner cypselae. It is polymorphic; subspecies are recognized in Europe. E. B. Babcock (1947) identified the North American plants as subsp. taraxaciflora (Thuiller) Thellung, which some Europeans (T. G. Tutin et al. 1964–1980, vol. 4) have listed as a synonym of subsp. haenseleri (Boissier ex de Candolle) P. D. Sell.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Crepis intermedia is a somewhat unnatural group of polyploid apomicts that combines the features of multiple species, including C. acuminata, C. pleurocarpa, C. modocensis, and C. atribarba (E. B. Babcock 1947). The plants are usually over 25 cm, with leaves deeply pinnately lobed (gray-tomentose, cleft about halfway to midribs), with acuminate apices, and more or less flat-topped arrays of heads. The leaves vary greatly in size and lobing and are always gray-tomentose. The number of heads per plant is usually more than 20.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 19, p. 238. FNA vol. 19, p. 229.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Crepis Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Crepis
Sibling taxa
C. acuminata, C. atribarba, C. bakeri, C. barbigera, C. biennis, C. bursifolia, C. capillaris, C. elegans, C. foetida, C. intermedia, C. modocensis, C. monticola, C. nana, C. nicaeënsis, C. occidentalis, C. pannonica, C. pleurocarpa, C. pulchra, C. rubra, C. runcinata, C. setosa, C. tectorum, C. zacintha
C. acuminata, C. atribarba, C. bakeri, C. barbigera, C. biennis, C. bursifolia, C. capillaris, C. elegans, C. foetida, C. modocensis, C. monticola, C. nana, C. nicaeënsis, C. occidentalis, C. pannonica, C. pleurocarpa, C. pulchra, C. rubra, C. runcinata, C. setosa, C. tectorum, C. vesicaria, C. zacintha
Synonyms C. acuminata var. intermedia
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 805. (1753) A. Gray: in A. Gray et al., Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 1(2): 432. (1884)
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