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annual hawksbeard, crépis des troits, narrow-leaf hawk's-beard, rooftop hawksbeard

gray hawksbeard, largeflower hawksbeard, western hawk's beard

Habit Annuals, 10–100 cm (taproots shallow). Perennials, 8–40 cm; taproots deep, caudices swollen, (often covered with old leaf bases).
Stems

1, erect (fistulose), branched distally or from bases, tomentulose and/or hispid.

1–3, erect, stout, branched from bases or beyond, hispid, tomentose, or tomentulose, sometimes stipitate-glandular distally.

Leaves

basal and cauline; petiolate;

blades lanceolate to oblanceolate, often coarsely runcinate, 5–15 × 1–4 cm, margins entire, denticulate, or dentate to pinnately lobed (lobes remote, coarse, unequal), apices acute to acuminate, abaxial faces glabrous or tomentose, adaxial glabrous (proximal cauline sessile, bases auriculate, distal usually linear, entire).

basal and cauline; petiolate;

blades elliptic, runcinate, (5–)8–20 × 2–5 cm, margins pinnately-lobed to sinuously dentate (lobes broadly lanceolate, often dentate), apices acute or acuminate, faces gray-tomentose, sometimes stipitate-glandular.

Involucres

cylindro-campanulate, 6–9 × 7–8 mm.

cylindric, 11–19 × 5–10 mm.

Florets

30–70;

corollas yellow (without red on ligules), 10–13 mm.

10–40;

corollas yellow, 18–22 mm.

Phyllaries

12–15, lanceolate, 5–9 mm, (bases becoming keeled and thickened, margins scarious), apices acute to attenuate (white-ciliate, tomentulose), abaxial faces tomentose to hispidulous, adaxial with fine, appressed hairs.

7–13, lanceolate, 12–15 mm, (bases thickened, keeled, margins green, often scarious) apices acute or acuminate, abaxial faces gray-tomentose, sometimes setose (setae black or greenish) or stipitate-glandular, adaxial glabrous or with fine hairs.

Calyculi

of ± 12, subulate, tomentose and hispidulous bractlets 2–5 mm (often becoming scarious).

of 6–8, lanceolate or linear, glabrate to tomentose bractlets 2–6 mm.

Heads

5–20(–100+), in paniculiform or corymbiform arrays.

2–30, in loose corymbiform arrays.

Cypselae

dark reddish or purplish brown, fusiform, 3–4 mm, apices constricted (not beaked), ribs 10 (rounded, minutely spiculate);

pappi white (fine, soft), 4–5 mm.

golden or dark brown, subcylindric, 6–10 mm, apices tapered (not beaked), ribs 10–18, strong and rounded;

pappi yellowish white, 10–12 mm (bristles unequal).

2n

= 8.

= 22, 33, 44, 55, 66, 77, 88.

Crepis tectorum

Crepis occidentalis

Phenology Flowering May–Sep.
Habitat Dry, sandy, pine woods, disturbed places, abandoned fields, forest clearings, wooded slopes, dry streambeds
Elevation 100–300 m (300–1000 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; CA; CT; DC; IA; IL; IN; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; ND; NE; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; LB; MB; NB; NS; NT; ON; QC; SK; YT; Greenland; Europe [Introduced in North America; introduced, Asia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; SD; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; SK
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Crepis tectorum is recognized by its annual habit, keeled phyllaries with minute hairs on adaxial faces, and dark reddish or purplish brown cypselae. It is widespread, often abundant, occurs in a great variety of habitats, and is considered a noxious weed in some states.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Subspecies 4 (4 in the flora).

Crepis occidentalis is recognized by the old, brown leaf bases persisting on caudices, by stems, leaves, and phyllaries gray-tomentose, and by loose, corymbiform arrays with relatively few, relatively large heads. It is widespread and polymorphic. Some specimens have coarse setae or black, stipitate glands on the phyllaries in addition to the tomentose indument, the stipitate glands sometimes extending proximally on stems. Four intergrading subspecies were recognized by E. B. Babcock (1947). The sexual diploid forms are found in subsp. occidentalis and occur in northern California and adjacent Nevada. The other subspecies are polyploid and apomictic (Babcock).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Phyllaries sparsely to densely stipitate-glandular
→ 2
1. Phyllaries 8–12, usually eglandular, if glandular, phyllaries 8
→ 3
2. Phyllaries (peduncles and distal cauline leaves) stipitate-glandular (lacking large dark or black glandular setae); phyllaries 7–8 or 10–13; florets 18–30
subsp. occidentalis
2. Phyllaries (peduncles and distal cauline leaves) stipitate-glandular (and with dark or black, glandular setae); phyllaries 8, florets 10–14
subsp. costata
3. Plants 10–40 cm (stems with definite primary axes, branched distally; phyllaries mostly 8; leaves coarsely dentate or pinnately lobed (lobes closely spaced)
subsp. pumila
3. Plants 5–20 cm (stems branched proximally; phyllaries 8–12; leaves deeply pinnately lobed (lobes remotely spaced, lanceolate, or linear, entire or dentate)
subsp. conjuncta
Source FNA vol. 19, p. 238. FNA vol. 19, p. 232.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Crepis Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Crepis
Sibling taxa
C. acuminata, C. atribarba, C. bakeri, C. barbigera, C. biennis, C. bursifolia, C. capillaris, C. elegans, C. foetida, C. intermedia, C. modocensis, C. monticola, C. nana, C. nicaeënsis, C. occidentalis, C. pannonica, C. pleurocarpa, C. pulchra, C. rubra, C. runcinata, C. setosa, C. vesicaria, C. zacintha
C. acuminata, C. atribarba, C. bakeri, C. barbigera, C. biennis, C. bursifolia, C. capillaris, C. elegans, C. foetida, C. intermedia, C. modocensis, C. monticola, C. nana, C. nicaeënsis, C. pannonica, C. pleurocarpa, C. pulchra, C. rubra, C. runcinata, C. setosa, C. tectorum, C. vesicaria, C. zacintha
Subordinate taxa
C. occidentalis subsp. conjuncta, C. occidentalis subsp. costata, C. occidentalis subsp. occidentalis, C. occidentalis subsp. pumila
Synonyms Psilochenia occidentalis
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 807. (1753) Nuttall: J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 7: 29. (1834)
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