Crepis capillaris |
Crepis rubra |
|
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crépis capillaire, smooth hawk's-beard |
red hawksbeard |
|
Habit | Annuals or biennials, 10–90 cm (taproots shallow). | Annuals, 4–40 cm (taproots shallow). |
Stems | 1(–6+), erect to ± procumbent, usually simple (usually with single stout leader, sometimes multiple with slender laterals), hispid proximally or throughout. |
1–8, decumbent to ascending, scapiform, branched proximally, glabrate to tomentulose. |
Leaves | basal and cauline; petiolate (petiole bases clasping); blades lanceolate or oblanceolate, runcinate or lyrate, 5–30 × 1–4.5 cm, margins pinnately divided to sharply dentate (lobes remote, unequal), apices obtuse or acute, mucronate, faces glabrous or sparsely hispid (hairs yellow; proximal cauline auriculate and clasping). |
basal and cauline; petiolate; blades (at least basal) oblanceolate or runcinate, 2–15 × 0.5–3 cm, (bases attenuate) margins pinnately lobed to dentate, apices acute, faces hirsute. |
Involucres | cylindric to turbinate, 5–8 × 3–6 mm. |
cylindro-campanulate, 11–15 × 4–7 mm. |
Florets | 20–60; corollas deep yellow (reddish abaxially), 8–12 mm (hairy). |
40–100; corollas pink or white, 16–17 mm. |
Phyllaries | 8–16, lanceolate, 6–7 mm (margins scarious), apices acute, abaxial faces stipitate-glandular and glandular setose (setae black, usually in 2 rows), adaxial glabrous. |
8–14, (dark medially), lanceolate, 10–12 mm, (margins yellowish) apices acute, abaxial faces sparsely to densely stipitate-glandular, adaxial with fine, appressed hairs. |
Calyculi | of 8, linear, tomentulose or stipitate-glandular bractlets 2–4 mm. |
of 8–10, ovate-lanceolate, glabrous bractlets 4–8 mm. |
Heads | 10–15(–30+), in corymbiform arrays. |
1(–2), usually borne singly (peduncles scapiform). |
Cypselae | brownish yellow, fusiform, 1.5–2.5 mm, apices narrowed (not beaked), ribs 10 (glabrous or scabrous); pappi white (fluffy), 3–4 mm (scarcely surpassing phyllaries). |
dimorphic, dark brown, fusiform: outer curved, 8–9 mm, coarsely beaked, inner straight, 12–21 mm, finely beaked, ribs 10 (sharply spiculate); pappi yellowish white to dusky white (fine), 5–8 mm. |
2n | = 6. |
= 10. |
Crepis capillaris |
Crepis rubra |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Nov. | Flowering Apr–Jun. |
Habitat | Meadows, pastures, lawns, roadsides, fields, waste places | Rocky fields, waste places |
Elevation | 0–1300 m (0–4300 ft) | 200–300 m (700–1000 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; AR; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; IA; ID; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NH; NJ; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; AB; BC; NB; NS; ON; QC; Europe [Introduced in North America]
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CA; Eurasia [Introduced in North America; also introduced widely] |
Discussion | Crepis capillaris is recognized by its shallow root system, dense rosettes of coarsely dentate or pinnately lobed leaves, erect slender stems, auriculate-based cauline leaves, relatively small heads, phyllaries with double rows of black setae, and fluffy white pappi. It is weedy and can become a serious lawn pest. It is one of only three species of Crepis with 2n = 6; E. B. Babcock (1947) considered it to be advanced in the genus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Native to the Mediterranean region and Asia Minor, Crepis rubra is widely cultivated throughout the world and occasionally escapes. It can be easily recognized by its annual habit, scapiform stems, relatively large, often single heads, and pink or white corollas. Wild plants are shorter than cultivated ones. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 19, p. 228. | FNA vol. 19, p. 234. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Crepis | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Crepis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Lapsana capillaris, C. cooperi, C. virens | |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Wallroth: Linnaea 14: 657. (1840) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 806. (1753) |
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