Crepis capillaris |
Crepis pleurocarpa |
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crépis capillaire, smooth hawk's-beard |
naked hawksbeard, naked-stem hawksbeard |
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Habit | Annuals or biennials, 10–90 cm (taproots shallow). | Perennials, 15–60 cm (taproots slender, caudices swollen). |
Stems | 1(–6+), erect to ± procumbent, usually simple (usually with single stout leader, sometimes multiple with slender laterals), hispid proximally or throughout. |
1–3, slender or stout, branched proximally (sparingly) or distally, glabrate to tomentulose. |
Leaves | basal and cauline; petiolate (petiole bases clasping); blades lanceolate or oblanceolate, runcinate or lyrate, 5–30 × 1–4.5 cm, margins pinnately divided to sharply dentate (lobes remote, unequal), apices obtuse or acute, mucronate, faces glabrous or sparsely hispid (hairs yellow; proximal cauline auriculate and clasping). |
basal and cauline; petiolate (petioles relatively broadly winged); blades elliptic or oblanceolate, often runcinate, 7–28 × 0.5–7 cm, margins pinnately lobed to dentate (lobes remote, lanceolate to narrowly triangular, often recurved), apices attenuate, faces usually tomentulose to glabrate, sometimes glandular. |
Involucres | cylindric to turbinate, 5–8 × 3–6 mm. |
cylindro-campanulate, 8–16 × 3–5 mm. |
Florets | 20–60; corollas deep yellow (reddish abaxially), 8–12 mm (hairy). |
5–10(–12); corollas yellow, 15–20 mm. |
Phyllaries | 8–16, lanceolate, 6–7 mm (margins scarious), apices acute, abaxial faces stipitate-glandular and glandular setose (setae black, usually in 2 rows), adaxial glabrous. |
5(–10), (deep green or black) lanceolate, 10–16 mm, (bases becoming strongly keeled and swollen, often glabrous, margins yellowish, conspicuously and densely tomentulose), apices acute to strongly acuminate, abaxial faces densely tomentulose adaxial with fine hairs. |
Calyculi | of 8, linear, tomentulose or stipitate-glandular bractlets 2–4 mm. |
of 5–6, deltate to lanceolate, tomentulose bractlets 1.5–4 mm. |
Heads | 10–15(–30+), in corymbiform arrays. |
7–10(–30), in corymbiform arrays. |
Cypselae | brownish yellow, fusiform, 1.5–2.5 mm, apices narrowed (not beaked), ribs 10 (glabrous or scabrous); pappi white (fluffy), 3–4 mm (scarcely surpassing phyllaries). |
deep reddish brown, subcylindric, 5–8 mm, apices constricted, ribs 10 (prominent); pappi yellowish white, 6–12 mm (bristles unequal). |
2n | = 6. |
= 22, 33, 44, 55, 77, 88. |
Crepis capillaris |
Crepis pleurocarpa |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Nov. | Flowering Jun–Aug. |
Habitat | Meadows, pastures, lawns, roadsides, fields, waste places | Streams in mixed conifer forests, road cuts, steep rocky serpentine slopes |
Elevation | 0–1300 m (0–4300 ft) | 400–2200 m (1300–7200 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; AR; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; IA; ID; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NH; NJ; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; AB; BC; NB; NS; ON; QC; Europe [Introduced in North America]
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CA; ID; NV; OR; WA
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Discussion | Crepis capillaris is recognized by its shallow root system, dense rosettes of coarsely dentate or pinnately lobed leaves, erect slender stems, auriculate-based cauline leaves, relatively small heads, phyllaries with double rows of black setae, and fluffy white pappi. It is weedy and can become a serious lawn pest. It is one of only three species of Crepis with 2n = 6; E. B. Babcock (1947) considered it to be advanced in the genus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Crepis pleurocarpa is distinguished by its narrow, acuminate, silvery leaves, 5(–10), strongly keeled phyllaries with conspicuous white, tomentose margins, strongly ribbed cypselae, and relatively few florets per head. Otherwise, it is very similar to C. acuminata and C. intermedia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 19, p. 228. | FNA vol. 19, p. 234. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Crepis | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Crepis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Lapsana capillaris, C. cooperi, C. virens | C. acuminata var. pleurocarpa, C. intermedia var. pleurocarpa |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Wallroth: Linnaea 14: 657. (1840) | A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 17: 221. (1882) |
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