Crepis capillaris |
Crepis foetida |
|
---|---|---|
crépis capillaire, smooth hawk's-beard |
roadside hawksbeard, stinking hawk's-beard |
|
Habit | Annuals or biennials, 10–90 cm (taproots shallow). | |
Stems | 1(–6+), erect to ± procumbent, usually simple (usually with single stout leader, sometimes multiple with slender laterals), hispid proximally or throughout. |
1(–3+), erect to decumbent or prostrate, branched proximally or distally, hispid and/or setose. |
Leaves | basal and cauline; petiolate (petiole bases clasping); blades lanceolate or oblanceolate, runcinate or lyrate, 5–30 × 1–4.5 cm, margins pinnately divided to sharply dentate (lobes remote, unequal), apices obtuse or acute, mucronate, faces glabrous or sparsely hispid (hairs yellow; proximal cauline auriculate and clasping). |
basal and cauline; petiolate; blades oblanceolate, runcinate, 3–13 × 1–3 cm, margins denticulate to pinnately lobed (lobes deltate to lanceolate, often sharply serrate, terminal relatively large), apices acute, faces hispid to villous (cauline sessile, blades ovate to lanceolate or linear, runcinate, bases auriculate, margins deeply pinnately lobed, lobes linear). |
Involucres | cylindric to turbinate, 5–8 × 3–6 mm. |
cylindric to turbinate, 7–16 × 4–13 mm. |
Florets | 20–60; corollas deep yellow (reddish abaxially), 8–12 mm (hairy). |
80–100+; corollas yellow (usually reddish purple adaxially), 9–16 mm. |
Phyllaries | 8–16, lanceolate, 6–7 mm (margins scarious), apices acute, abaxial faces stipitate-glandular and glandular setose (setae black, usually in 2 rows), adaxial glabrous. |
8–12, lanceolate (bases strongly keeled, enclosing marginal cypselae, margins green), apices acute to attenuate, abaxial faces hispid or setose, adaxial with fine hairs. |
Calyculi | of 8, linear, tomentulose or stipitate-glandular bractlets 2–4 mm. |
of 8–10, linear to lanceolate, densely hispid bractlets 2–5 mm (becoming lax). |
Heads | 10–15(–30+), in corymbiform arrays. |
3–10+, in cymiform arrays. |
Cypselae | brownish yellow, fusiform, 1.5–2.5 mm, apices narrowed (not beaked), ribs 10 (glabrous or scabrous); pappi white (fluffy), 3–4 mm (scarcely surpassing phyllaries). |
(dimorphic) subcylindric, outer stout, 7–9 mm, nearly beakless, inner 12–17 mm, beaks 2–5 mm; pappi dull white, 3–7 mm. |
Annual | , biennials, or perennials, 10–50 cm (roots fibrous, shallow). |
|
2n | = 6. |
= 10. |
Crepis capillaris |
Crepis foetida |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Nov. | Flowering Apr–Sep. |
Habitat | Meadows, pastures, lawns, roadsides, fields, waste places | Seashores, plains, hills, and mountains |
Elevation | 0–1300 m (0–4300 ft) | 80–1200 m (300–3900 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; AR; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; IA; ID; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NH; NJ; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; AB; BC; NB; NS; ON; QC; Europe [Introduced in North America]
|
FL; GA; MA; NC; WI; Eurasia [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | Crepis capillaris is recognized by its shallow root system, dense rosettes of coarsely dentate or pinnately lobed leaves, erect slender stems, auriculate-based cauline leaves, relatively small heads, phyllaries with double rows of black setae, and fluffy white pappi. It is weedy and can become a serious lawn pest. It is one of only three species of Crepis with 2n = 6; E. B. Babcock (1947) considered it to be advanced in the genus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Crepis foetida is polymorphic; it is recognized by its annual or biennial habit, usually erect and hispid or setose stems, sharply runcinate leaves, hispid or setose involucres, and dimorphic cypselae. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 19, p. 228. | FNA vol. 19, p. 228. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Crepis | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Crepis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Lapsana capillaris, C. cooperi, C. virens | |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Wallroth: Linnaea 14: 657. (1840) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 807. (1753) |
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