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crépis capillaire, smooth hawk's-beard

Italian hawksbeard, Italian hawksbit

Habit Annuals or biennials, 10–90 cm (taproots shallow). Perennials, 5–35 cm (taproots stout, caudices covered by old leaf bases).
Stems

1(–6+), erect to ± procumbent, usually simple (usually with single stout leader, sometimes multiple with slender laterals), hispid proximally or throughout.

2–9+, arcuate or decumbent, slender, scapiform, cymosely branched distally, glabrous.

Leaves

basal and cauline; petiolate (petiole bases clasping);

blades lanceolate or oblanceolate, runcinate or lyrate, 5–30 × 1–4.5 cm, margins pinnately divided to sharply dentate (lobes remote, unequal), apices obtuse or acute, mucronate, faces glabrous or sparsely hispid (hairs yellow; proximal cauline auriculate and clasping).

mostly basal; petiolate;

blades oblanceolate, lyrate, 2.5–25 × 0.5–6 cm, margins pinnately lobed (lateral lobes lanceolate, dentate, acute, terminal lobes usually larger), apices obtuse or acute, faces glabrous.

Involucres

cylindric to turbinate, 5–8 × 3–6 mm.

cylindric, 8–11 × 3–4 mm.

Florets

20–60;

corollas deep yellow (reddish abaxially), 8–12 mm (hairy).

30–60;

corollas light yellow, greenish abaxially, 10–11 mm.

Phyllaries

8–16, lanceolate, 6–7 mm (margins scarious), apices acute, abaxial faces stipitate-glandular and glandular setose (setae black, usually in 2 rows), adaxial glabrous.

10–12 (reflexed, medially yellowish) lanceolate (bases keeled, margins dark greenish, sometimes scarious), apices acute (ciliate), abaxial faces tomentulose, adaxial with fine hairs.

Calyculi

of 8, linear, tomentulose or stipitate-glandular bractlets 2–4 mm.

of 10–14, (lax) linear, tomentose or glandular-pubescent bractlets 2–5 mm.

Heads

10–15(–30+), in corymbiform arrays.

2–3 (peduncles slender), in cymiform arrays.

Cypselae

brownish yellow, fusiform, 1.5–2.5 mm, apices narrowed (not beaked), ribs 10 (glabrous or scabrous);

pappi white (fluffy), 3–4 mm (scarcely surpassing phyllaries).

pale brown, fusiform, 6–7 mm, beaked, beaks pale (lengths nearly 2 times bodies), ribs 10;

pappi white, 3–4 mm.

2n

= 6.

= 8.

Crepis capillaris

Crepis bursifolia

Phenology Flowering May–Nov. Flowering Apr–Sep.
Habitat Meadows, pastures, lawns, roadsides, fields, waste places Waste places, lawns
Elevation 0–1300 m (0–4300 ft) 0–100 m (0–300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; AR; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; IA; ID; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NH; NJ; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; AB; BC; NB; NS; ON; QC; Europe [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; Europe [Introduced in North America]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Crepis capillaris is recognized by its shallow root system, dense rosettes of coarsely dentate or pinnately lobed leaves, erect slender stems, auriculate-based cauline leaves, relatively small heads, phyllaries with double rows of black setae, and fluffy white pappi. It is weedy and can become a serious lawn pest. It is one of only three species of Crepis with 2n = 6; E. B. Babcock (1947) considered it to be advanced in the genus.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Crepis bursifolia is identified by the dense basal rosettes of glabrous, lyrate leaves with dentate lateral lobes and relatively large terminal lobes, relatively few heads on slender peduncles, and cypselae with relatively thin beaks two times lengths of the bodies. It is an aggressive weed.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 19, p. 228. FNA vol. 19, p. 227.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Crepis Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Crepis
Sibling taxa
C. acuminata, C. atribarba, C. bakeri, C. barbigera, C. biennis, C. bursifolia, C. elegans, C. foetida, C. intermedia, C. modocensis, C. monticola, C. nana, C. nicaeënsis, C. occidentalis, C. pannonica, C. pleurocarpa, C. pulchra, C. rubra, C. runcinata, C. setosa, C. tectorum, C. vesicaria, C. zacintha
C. acuminata, C. atribarba, C. bakeri, C. barbigera, C. biennis, C. capillaris, C. elegans, C. foetida, C. intermedia, C. modocensis, C. monticola, C. nana, C. nicaeënsis, C. occidentalis, C. pannonica, C. pleurocarpa, C. pulchra, C. rubra, C. runcinata, C. setosa, C. tectorum, C. vesicaria, C. zacintha
Synonyms Lapsana capillaris, C. cooperi, C. virens
Name authority (Linnaeus) Wallroth: Linnaea 14: 657. (1840) Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 805. (1753)
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