Crepis capillaris |
Crepis bursifolia |
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crépis capillaire, smooth hawk's-beard |
Italian hawksbeard, Italian hawksbit |
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Habit | Annuals or biennials, 10–90 cm (taproots shallow). | Perennials, 5–35 cm (taproots stout, caudices covered by old leaf bases). |
Stems | 1(–6+), erect to ± procumbent, usually simple (usually with single stout leader, sometimes multiple with slender laterals), hispid proximally or throughout. |
2–9+, arcuate or decumbent, slender, scapiform, cymosely branched distally, glabrous. |
Leaves | basal and cauline; petiolate (petiole bases clasping); blades lanceolate or oblanceolate, runcinate or lyrate, 5–30 × 1–4.5 cm, margins pinnately divided to sharply dentate (lobes remote, unequal), apices obtuse or acute, mucronate, faces glabrous or sparsely hispid (hairs yellow; proximal cauline auriculate and clasping). |
mostly basal; petiolate; blades oblanceolate, lyrate, 2.5–25 × 0.5–6 cm, margins pinnately lobed (lateral lobes lanceolate, dentate, acute, terminal lobes usually larger), apices obtuse or acute, faces glabrous. |
Involucres | cylindric to turbinate, 5–8 × 3–6 mm. |
cylindric, 8–11 × 3–4 mm. |
Florets | 20–60; corollas deep yellow (reddish abaxially), 8–12 mm (hairy). |
30–60; corollas light yellow, greenish abaxially, 10–11 mm. |
Phyllaries | 8–16, lanceolate, 6–7 mm (margins scarious), apices acute, abaxial faces stipitate-glandular and glandular setose (setae black, usually in 2 rows), adaxial glabrous. |
10–12 (reflexed, medially yellowish) lanceolate (bases keeled, margins dark greenish, sometimes scarious), apices acute (ciliate), abaxial faces tomentulose, adaxial with fine hairs. |
Calyculi | of 8, linear, tomentulose or stipitate-glandular bractlets 2–4 mm. |
of 10–14, (lax) linear, tomentose or glandular-pubescent bractlets 2–5 mm. |
Heads | 10–15(–30+), in corymbiform arrays. |
2–3 (peduncles slender), in cymiform arrays. |
Cypselae | brownish yellow, fusiform, 1.5–2.5 mm, apices narrowed (not beaked), ribs 10 (glabrous or scabrous); pappi white (fluffy), 3–4 mm (scarcely surpassing phyllaries). |
pale brown, fusiform, 6–7 mm, beaked, beaks pale (lengths nearly 2 times bodies), ribs 10; pappi white, 3–4 mm. |
2n | = 6. |
= 8. |
Crepis capillaris |
Crepis bursifolia |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Nov. | Flowering Apr–Sep. |
Habitat | Meadows, pastures, lawns, roadsides, fields, waste places | Waste places, lawns |
Elevation | 0–1300 m (0–4300 ft) | 0–100 m (0–300 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; AR; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; IA; ID; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NH; NJ; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; AB; BC; NB; NS; ON; QC; Europe [Introduced in North America]
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CA; Europe [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | Crepis capillaris is recognized by its shallow root system, dense rosettes of coarsely dentate or pinnately lobed leaves, erect slender stems, auriculate-based cauline leaves, relatively small heads, phyllaries with double rows of black setae, and fluffy white pappi. It is weedy and can become a serious lawn pest. It is one of only three species of Crepis with 2n = 6; E. B. Babcock (1947) considered it to be advanced in the genus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Crepis bursifolia is identified by the dense basal rosettes of glabrous, lyrate leaves with dentate lateral lobes and relatively large terminal lobes, relatively few heads on slender peduncles, and cypselae with relatively thin beaks two times lengths of the bodies. It is an aggressive weed. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 19, p. 228. | FNA vol. 19, p. 227. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Crepis | Asteraceae > tribe Cichorieae > Crepis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Lapsana capillaris, C. cooperi, C. virens | |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Wallroth: Linnaea 14: 657. (1840) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 805. (1753) |
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