Crataegus succulenta |
Crataegus dispar |
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aubépine succulente, fleshy hawthorn, succulent hawthorn |
aiken hawthorn |
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Habit | Shrubs or trees, 40–80 dm. | Shrubs or trees, 50 dm, branches ± weeping. | ||||||||||||||||
Stems | older trunks usually bearing compound thorns; twigs: new growth reddish green, glabrous, 1-year old dark, shiny red-brown, 2–3-years old becoming dark gray, older ± paler gray; thorns on twigs numerous, usually recurved, shiny, 1-year old dark blackish brown, stout, 3–6(–8) cm. |
ultimate twigs relatively stout; twigs: new growth densely appressed-canescent, 2–3-years old dark gray or gray-brown; thorns on twigs absent or numerous, straight, 2-years old purple-brown, slender, 3–4 cm. |
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Leaves | petiole 1–2 cm, narrowly winged distally, glabrous, eglandular; blade rhombic-elliptic to broadly rhombic-ovate or elliptic, 4–7 cm widest near middle, subcoriaceous mature (then often blue-green), base cuneate (constricted), lobes 3–5 per side, obscure to well-marked, sinuses shallow, lobe apex usually subacute to obtuse, margins serrate except proximally, veins 6–8 per side, impressed, apex acute to subacute, rarely obtuse, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial scabrate-pubescent young. |
petiole length 20–35% blade, densely appressed-hairy young, glandular; blade ± obovate-spatulate, 2.3–3.5 cm, thin, base gradually tapered, lobes 2 per side, subterminal, sinuses shallow (LII 15–20%), lobe apex acute, margins glandular-serrate, veins 2 or 3 per side, apex acuminate, abaxial surface ± persistently pubescent, adaxial densely tomentose, ± glabrate. |
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Inflorescences | 15–30-flowered; branches pubescent or glabrous; bracteoles linear, 1.7 cm, margins glandular. |
2–4-flowered; branches densely appressed-pubescent; bracteoles deciduous, linear, margins glandular, adaxially short-pubescent. |
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Flowers | 12–17 mm diam.; hypanthium glabrous or pubescent; sepals narrowly triangular, 4–6 mm, margins glandular-serrate to glandular-laciniate, abaxially glabrous, adaxial pubescence not recorded; stamens 20, anthers usually red or pink, rarely white, 0.5–0.7 mm; styles 2 or 3. |
13–16 mm diam.; hypanthium densely pubescent; sepals narrow, 3 mm, margins glandular-serrate, abaxially pubescent; anthers ivory; styles 4 or 5. |
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Pomes | bright or deep red, lustrous, suborbicular, (4–)7–10(–14) mm diam., glabrous, rarely pubescent; flesh mealy or succulent mature; sepals spreading-reflexed; pyrenes 2 or 3, sides pitted. |
bright orange-red or reddish, orbicular, 8–12 mm diam., glabrate to slightly pubescent; sepals reflexed; pyrenes 4 or 5. |
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2n | = 51. |
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Crataegus succulenta |
Crataegus dispar |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–Apr; fruiting Jul–Aug. | |||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Brush, sandy soil | |||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 30–100 m (100–300 ft) | |||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
CT; IA; IL; IN; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; NC; NH; NY; OH; PA; RI; TN; VA; VT; WI; WV; MB; ON; QC
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AL; FL; GA; SC |
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Discussion | Varieties 5 (5 in the flora). Crataegus succulenta ranges through the southern Great Lakes area to the middle St. Lawrence and southern New England, to Minnesota, to Iowa, Missouri (very rare), and Ohio, the Appalachians to North Carolina. An outlier has recently been recognized in Manitoba. The dark twig colors of Crataegus succulenta are dramatic in winter and the coral red expanding bud scales are conspicuous in spring, more so than in most other species of hawthorn except C. macracantha. In summer, its commonly bluish green leaves, eglandular petioles, and impressed venation combine with thorn and twig characteristics to make this and C. macracantha usually instantly recognizable. Crataegus succulenta often forms suckering thickets in the north. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Crataegus dispar is a somewhat scarce species, concentrated in South Carolina and with scattered records from Alabama, Florida, and Georgia. The author notes the species in South Carolina grows in extremely dry conditions. Crataegus dispar is one of the most easily recognized members of ser. Lacrimatae, even identifiable in specimens lacking reproductive parts and sometimes from extension shoots alone. Of note are the wide extension-shoot leaves, often deeply incised into wide-spreading, sharp segments lobed nearly to the sinuses, rather as in C. marshallii. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 518. | FNA vol. 9, p. 632. | ||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Macracanthae > ser. Macracanthae | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Coccineae > ser. Lacrimatae | ||||||||||||||||
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Subordinate taxa | ||||||||||||||||||
Name authority | Schrader ex Link: Handbuch 2: 78. (1831) | Beadle: Biltmore Bot. Stud. 1: 28. (1901) | ||||||||||||||||
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