Crataegus succulenta |
Crataegus annosa |
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aubépine succulente, fleshy hawthorn, succulent hawthorn |
phoenix city hawthorn |
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Habit | Shrubs or trees, 40–80 dm. | Trees, 80 dm. | ||||||||||||||||
Stems | older trunks usually bearing compound thorns; twigs: new growth reddish green, glabrous, 1-year old dark, shiny red-brown, 2–3-years old becoming dark gray, older ± paler gray; thorns on twigs numerous, usually recurved, shiny, 1-year old dark blackish brown, stout, 3–6(–8) cm. |
trunk bark dark, rimose; twigs not recorded; thorns on twigs ± straight, 1-year old chestnut brown or gray, slender, 2–3 cm. |
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Leaves | petiole 1–2 cm, narrowly winged distally, glabrous, eglandular; blade rhombic-elliptic to broadly rhombic-ovate or elliptic, 4–7 cm widest near middle, subcoriaceous mature (then often blue-green), base cuneate (constricted), lobes 3–5 per side, obscure to well-marked, sinuses shallow, lobe apex usually subacute to obtuse, margins serrate except proximally, veins 6–8 per side, impressed, apex acute to subacute, rarely obtuse, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial scabrate-pubescent young. |
petiole slender, length 25–50% blade, pubescent (at least young), sessile-glandular; blade rhombic-elliptic to obovate or obtrullate, 2–4 cm, texture and base not recorded, lobes small across apical part, sinuses, lobe apex, and margins not recorded, veins 2 or 3 per side extension shoots with 3–4 pairs, apex not recorded, surfaces sparsely pubescent. |
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Inflorescences | 15–30-flowered; branches pubescent or glabrous; bracteoles linear, 1.7 cm, margins glandular. |
3–5-flowered; branches densely pubescent; bracteoles not recorded. |
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Flowers | 12–17 mm diam.; hypanthium glabrous or pubescent; sepals narrowly triangular, 4–6 mm, margins glandular-serrate to glandular-laciniate, abaxially glabrous, adaxial pubescence not recorded; stamens 20, anthers usually red or pink, rarely white, 0.5–0.7 mm; styles 2 or 3. |
15–20 mm diam.; hypanthium pubescent; sepals 3–4.5 mm, margins glandular-serrate; stamens 20, anthers ivory; styles 3–5. |
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Pomes | bright or deep red, lustrous, suborbicular, (4–)7–10(–14) mm diam., glabrous, rarely pubescent; flesh mealy or succulent mature; sepals spreading-reflexed; pyrenes 2 or 3, sides pitted. |
reddish orange to yellow, washed red, suborbicular to broadly ellipsoid, 10–12 mm diam., pubescence not recorded; sepals reflexed; pyrenes 3–5. |
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2n | = 51. |
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Crataegus succulenta |
Crataegus annosa |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr; fruiting Sep. | |||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Brush | |||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 50 m (200 ft) | |||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
CT; IA; IL; IN; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; NC; NH; NY; OH; PA; RI; TN; VA; VT; WI; WV; MB; ON; QC
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AL |
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Discussion | Varieties 5 (5 in the flora). Crataegus succulenta ranges through the southern Great Lakes area to the middle St. Lawrence and southern New England, to Minnesota, to Iowa, Missouri (very rare), and Ohio, the Appalachians to North Carolina. An outlier has recently been recognized in Manitoba. The dark twig colors of Crataegus succulenta are dramatic in winter and the coral red expanding bud scales are conspicuous in spring, more so than in most other species of hawthorn except C. macracantha. In summer, its commonly bluish green leaves, eglandular petioles, and impressed venation combine with thorn and twig characteristics to make this and C. macracantha usually instantly recognizable. Crataegus succulenta often forms suckering thickets in the north. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Crataegus annosa is typical for ser. Apricae in foliage and fruit, but in anther number and color, and in the narrower short-shoot leaves, it is typical of ser. Lacrimatae. It is known only from syntype specimens and is only doubtfully placed in ser. Apricae. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 518. | FNA vol. 9, p. 617. | ||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Macracanthae > ser. Macracanthae | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Coccineae > ser. Apricae | ||||||||||||||||
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Name authority | Schrader ex Link: Handbuch 2: 78. (1831) | Beadle: Biltmore Bot. Stud. 1: 83. (1902) | ||||||||||||||||
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