Flora of North America species comparison

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Crataegus rivularis

Crataegus cognata

mountain river hawthorn, river hawthorn
Habit Shrubs or trees, 30–50 dm. Shrubs, 20–40 dm.
Stems

twigs: new growth greenish, sparsely pubescent, early glabrescent, 1–2-years old often red-purple;

bark on younger 2–5 cm thick branches dark gray-brown, sometimes copper-colored;

thorns on twigs straight or ± recurved, 2-years old black or purple-black, glossy, fine, 1.5–4 cm.

main branches often suberect;

twigs: new growth reddish brown, 1-year old purple-brown, older dark gray;

thorns on twigs numerous, straight to slightly recurved, 2-years old black, shiny, ± slender, 3–5 cm.
Leaves

petiole 1–2.5 cm, glabrous;

blade elliptic to narrowly elliptic, 3–8 cm, length 2+ times width, thin, base cuneate, lobes 0 or small apiculi at ends of some vein tips, margins serrate, teeth numerous, usually acute, fine to coarse, venation semicamptodromous, veins 4 or 5 per side, larger often branched proximal to ends, apex acute, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial appressed-strigose young.

petiole length 28–36% blade, eglandular or with 1–2 glands distally;

blade ovate, 3.5–5.5 cm, subcoriaceous, base broadly cuneate to truncate, lobes 3(or 4) per side, sinuses shallow, lobe apex subacute, margins crenate-serrate, veins 5–7 per side, apex subacute, surfaces glabrous.
Inflorescences

6–12-flowered;

branches glandular-punctate;

bracteoles early caducous, usually present, margins sessile-glandular.

4- or 5-flowered;

branches glabrous;

bracteole margins short-stipitate-glandular.
Flowers

14–17 mm diam.;

sepals broadly deltate, 6–8 mm, margins entire, apex narrow, glabrous;

stamens 10, anthers pink, sometimes ivory;

styles 3–5.

17–19 mm diam.;

hypanthium glabrous;

sepals narrowly triangular, 5 mm, base broad, margins subentire, abaxially glabrous;

stamens 20, anthers white, 0.6–0.8 mm;

styles 3 or 4.
Pomes

deep red (mid Aug), black or blackish purple mature, suborbicular, 10 mm diam.;

sepals ± erect to strongly outcurved or ± patent, 2–3 mm;

pyrenes 3 or 4, sides eroded.

green with pink or purple pruinosity, becoming orange-red or crimson, 8–10 mm diam.;

flesh thin;

sepals on collar, spreading-reflexed;

pyrenes 3 or 4.
2n

= 51.

Crataegus rivularis

Crataegus cognata
Phenology Flowering mid May–early Jun; fruiting Aug–Sep. Flowering Apr–May; fruiting Sep–Oct.
Habitat Intermontane streamsides, ditches, flood plains Successional fields, fencerows, brush, open wood margins
Elevation 1300–2300 m (4300–7500 ft) 50–300 m (200–1000 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CO; ID; NM; NV; UT; WY
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
MA; MI; MO; NY; ON
Discussion

Crataegus rivularis is most abundant in intermontane Colorado and Utah and is one of two hawthorns found in Arizona; it is rare in Nevada. There are reports from northwestern Texas (for example, D. S. Correll and M. C. Johnston 1970); they have not been verified. Crataegus rivularis is one of the more common woody species of mesic, valley bottom intermontane habitats. The species flowers early.

Crataegus rivularis is superficially similar to the more or less sympatric, less common, C. saligna; it has larger leaves with fewer veins, larger flowers with ten stamens, and larger pomes. It differs from C. erythropoda little other than in leaf shape and ripe fruit color.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Crataegus cognata in the strict sense occurs from Michigan to Massachusetts with the southern limits poorly understood. Specimens from Missouri with large (5–7 cm) leaf blades and no or only weakly developed lobes should be checked against C. pruinosa var. magnifolia.

Crataegus perjucunda Sargent, native to Middlesex County, Ontario, is a distinctive local species similar to C. cognata but with shorter (2–3 cm) and finer thorns as well as relatively wider leaves (length/width = 1.2).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Source FNA vol. 9, p. 510. FNA vol. 9, p. 577.
Parent taxa Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Douglasia > ser. Cerrones Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Coccineae > ser. Pruinosae
Sibling taxa
C. aemula, C. aestivalis, C. alabamensis, C. alleghaniensis, C. annosa, C. aprica, C. aquacervensis, C. ashei, C. atrovirens, C. attrita, C. austromontana, C. beata, C. berberifolia, C. biltmoreana, C. brachyacantha, C. brainerdii, C. brazoria, C. brittonii, C. buckleyi, C. calpodendron, C. castlegarensis, C. chrysocarpa, C. coccinea, C. coccinioides, C. cognata, C. collina, C. colonica, C. communis, C. compacta, C. condigna, C. craytonii, C. crocea, C. crus-galli, C. cupressocollina, C. delawarensis, C. dispar, C. dodgei, C. douglasii, C. egens, C. egregia, C. enderbyensis, C. erythropoda, C. exilis, C. eximia, C. extraria, C. fecunda, C. flabellata, C. flava, C. florens, C. floridana, C. florifera, C. fluviatilis, C. formosa, C. frugiferens, C. furtiva, C. gattingeri, C. gaylussacia, C. gilva, C. greggiana, C. harbisonii, C. holmesiana, C. ignava, C. incilis, C. integra, C. intricata, C. invicta, C. iracunda, C. irrasa, C. jesupii, C. jonesiae, C. lacrimata, C. laevigata, C. lanata, C. lancei, C. lanuginosa, C. lassa, C. laurentiana, C. leonensis, C. lepida, C. levis, C. lumaria, C. macracantha, C. macrosperma, C. magniflora, C. margarettae, C. marshallii, C. mendosa, C. meridiana, C. mira, C. mollis, C. monogyna, C. munda, C. nananixonii, C. neobushii, C. nitida, C. oakesiana, C. okanaganensis, C. okennonii, C. opaca, C. opima, C. orbicularis, C. ouachitensis, C. padifolia, C. pennsylvanica, C. persimilis, C. pexa, C. phaenopyrum, C. phippsii, C. pinetorum, C. populnea, C. prona, C. pruinosa, C. pulcherrima, C. punctata, C. purpurella, C. quaesita, C. reverchonii, C. rivuloadamensis, C. rivulopugnensis, C. roribacca, C. rubella, C. rubribracteolata, C. saligna, C. sargentii, C. scabrida, C. schizophylla, C. schuettei, C. segnis, C. senta, C. sheila-phippsiae, C. sheridana, C. shuswapensis, C. sororia, C. spathulata, C. spes-aestatum, C. stolonifera, C. stonei, C. submollis, C. suborbiculata, C. succulenta, C. tecta, C. teres, C. texana, C. tracyi, C. triflora, C. turnerorum, C. uniflora, C. ursopedensis, C. venusta, C. viridis, C. visenda, C. wattiana, C. williamsii, C. wootoniana, C. ×atrorubens, C. ×bicknellii, C. ×coleae, C. ×collicola, C. ×disperma, C. ×dispessa, C. ×fretalis, C. ×incaedua, C. ×kelloggii, C. ×latebrosa, C. ×lucorum, C. ×rufula, C. ×sicca, C. ×vailiae
C. aemula, C. aestivalis, C. alabamensis, C. alleghaniensis, C. annosa, C. aprica, C. aquacervensis, C. ashei, C. atrovirens, C. attrita, C. austromontana, C. beata, C. berberifolia, C. biltmoreana, C. brachyacantha, C. brainerdii, C. brazoria, C. brittonii, C. buckleyi, C. calpodendron, C. castlegarensis, C. chrysocarpa, C. coccinea, C. coccinioides, C. collina, C. colonica, C. communis, C. compacta, C. condigna, C. craytonii, C. crocea, C. crus-galli, C. cupressocollina, C. delawarensis, C. dispar, C. dodgei, C. douglasii, C. egens, C. egregia, C. enderbyensis, C. erythropoda, C. exilis, C. eximia, C. extraria, C. fecunda, C. flabellata, C. flava, C. florens, C. floridana, C. florifera, C. fluviatilis, C. formosa, C. frugiferens, C. furtiva, C. gattingeri, C. gaylussacia, C. gilva, C. greggiana, C. harbisonii, C. holmesiana, C. ignava, C. incilis, C. integra, C. intricata, C. invicta, C. iracunda, C. irrasa, C. jesupii, C. jonesiae, C. lacrimata, C. laevigata, C. lanata, C. lancei, C. lanuginosa, C. lassa, C. laurentiana, C. leonensis, C. lepida, C. levis, C. lumaria, C. macracantha, C. macrosperma, C. magniflora, C. margarettae, C. marshallii, C. mendosa, C. meridiana, C. mira, C. mollis, C. monogyna, C. munda, C. nananixonii, C. neobushii, C. nitida, C. oakesiana, C. okanaganensis, C. okennonii, C. opaca, C. opima, C. orbicularis, C. ouachitensis, C. padifolia, C. pennsylvanica, C. persimilis, C. pexa, C. phaenopyrum, C. phippsii, C. pinetorum, C. populnea, C. prona, C. pruinosa, C. pulcherrima, C. punctata, C. purpurella, C. quaesita, C. reverchonii, C. rivularis, C. rivuloadamensis, C. rivulopugnensis, C. roribacca, C. rubella, C. rubribracteolata, C. saligna, C. sargentii, C. scabrida, C. schizophylla, C. schuettei, C. segnis, C. senta, C. sheila-phippsiae, C. sheridana, C. shuswapensis, C. sororia, C. spathulata, C. spes-aestatum, C. stolonifera, C. stonei, C. submollis, C. suborbiculata, C. succulenta, C. tecta, C. teres, C. texana, C. tracyi, C. triflora, C. turnerorum, C. uniflora, C. ursopedensis, C. venusta, C. viridis, C. visenda, C. wattiana, C. williamsii, C. wootoniana, C. ×atrorubens, C. ×bicknellii, C. ×coleae, C. ×collicola, C. ×disperma, C. ×dispessa, C. ×fretalis, C. ×incaedua, C. ×kelloggii, C. ×latebrosa, C. ×lucorum, C. ×rufula, C. ×sicca, C. ×vailiae
Synonyms C. aperta, C. patrum, C. pruinosa var. cognata, C. pruinosa var. latisepala
Name authority Nuttall: in J. Torrey and A. Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 464. (1840) Sargent: Rhodora 5: 58. (1903)
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Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).



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