Crataegus pruinosa |
Crataegus ×latebrosa |
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frosted hawthorn, waxyfruit hawthorn |
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Habit | Shrubs or trees, dense, often suberect, 20–70 dm. | Trees, 60–70 dm. | ||||||||||||||||||||
Stems | compound thorns on trunks present; twigs: new growth reddish brown, 1-year old dull purple-brown, 2-years old dull gray, older paler; thorns on twigs straight to slightly recurved, 2-years old deep purple to shiny black, usually ± fine, 3–5 cm. |
trunks 15 cm diam.; compound thorns sometimes present on old trunks; branches spreading, forming wide flat or round-topped head; twigs: new growth with matted white hairs, later in 1st year becoming reddish brown, pubescent or puberulous, strongly flexuous, 1-year old gray, stout; thorns on twigs few or numerous, straight, 1-year old purple, slender, 2–7 cm, lustrous. |
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Leaves | petiole length 50–66% blade, sparsely glandular; blade trullate to ovate, ovate-oblong, or broadly rhombic, rarely ± deltate, 2–6(–7) cm, subcoriaceous, base broadly cuneate to subtruncate to weakly subcordate, lobes (1–)3 or 4 per side, sinuses shallow to deeper, lobe apex acute, sometimes ± obtuse, margins serrate, veins 5 or 6 per side (except smaller leaves), apex acute, surfaces glabrous (except var. virella). |
deciduous; petiole slender, length 20–37% blade, slightly winged apically, hoary tomentose early, glabrescent; blade dark yellow-green, ovate to oval, 5–8 × 3–6 cm, more than 1/2 grown at anthesis, base narrowly or broadly cuneate, lobes 0, margins coarsely doubly serrate, teeth straight, venation craspedodromous, midvein prominent, veins thin, conspicuous, apex acute or acuminate, rarely rounded, abaxial surface villous, adaxial densely villous glabrescent; leaves at end of vigorous extension shoots broadly ovate, often 9 × 7–8 cm, base broadly rounded or cuneate, lobes usually short, lobe apex broadly acuminate, margins more coarsely serrate, apex acuminate. |
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Inflorescences | 5–10-flowered; branches glabrous, sometimes sparsely villous; bracteoles caducous, usually few, margins short-stipitate-glandular. |
5–10-flowered, compact; branches long-matted white-hairy; bracteoles caducous, linear, membranous, margins glandular. |
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Flowers | 15–25 mm diam.; sepals narrowly triangular, 5–6 mm, margins usually entire or subentire, rarely glandular-serrate, abaxially glabrous; stamens (10 or)20, anthers pale pink to bright rose or dull purple, sometimes cream, 0.6–0.8 mm; styles 3–5. |
20–25 mm diam.; hypanthium pubescent; sepals slender, margins minutely glandular-serrate, apex long-acuminate, abaxial surface slightly villous; stamens (5–)10, anthers rose; styles 3–5, base surrounded by wide ring of pale tomentum. |
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Pomes | greenish with pink or mauve areas, sometimes bright crimson or scarlet, often rather angular, 10–20 mm diam., highly pruinose, not punctate; flesh hard; sepals on collar, spreading; pyrenes 3–5. |
on slender, drooping, pubescent pedicels, orange-red, suborbicular, 10 mm diam., hairy; flesh yellow, thin, soft; sepals prominent, with short tube, spreading or closely appressed; pyrenes 3–5, 5–6 mm, base rounded, apex narrowed and rounded, dorsally slightly grooved, sides plane. |
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Crataegus pruinosa |
Crataegus ×latebrosa |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr; fruiting Sep–Oct. | |||||||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Brush, open woods, rocky pastures | |||||||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 100–200 m (300–700 ft) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
AR; CT; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; ME; MI; MO; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; TN; VA; VT; WI; WV; ON; QC
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AR; MO |
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Discussion | Varieties 6 (6 in the flora). Crataegus pruinosa extends from Arkansas to Wisconsin, through the southern Great Lakes to southern New England, and, in the south, mainly in the Appalachians to northern Georgia. In the north of its range, Crataegus pruinosa is mainly a shrub of open successional habitats but in the south may commonly be a taller tree of open or thin woodlands. Many hawthorns have a little waxy bloom on their pomes; it is particularly prominent on Crataegus pruinosa and C. cognata compared to others. Some authors include in C. pruinosa their white-anthered counterparts, here assigned to C. cognata. Whereas C. pruinosa characteristically has entire or subentire sepal margins, some forms in the southwest of the range of the species (for example, C. calliantha Sargent, C. seducta Sargent) may have glandular-serrate sepal margins. They may represent introgression with C. coccinioides. The varieties of C. pruinosa are weakly differentiated from each other, most of them on leaf shape and size characters. The more widespread varieties constitute a range of morphotypes held together by common traits. Crataegus gaudens Sargent is a strikingly distinct form from Pennsylvania that has more or less elliptic leaves with lobes absent; it is clearly related to C. pruinosa. Note that 159. Crataegus ×coleae, a Michigan endemic, will key out here if its laterally scarred pyrenes are missed. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Crataegus ×latebrosa differs little from C. ×dispessa except in the lower stamen number (5–10) and wider range of style number (3–5). The only record of fruit color says orange-red; reports for C. ×dispessa uniformly declare crimson. The very narrow, caducous bracteoles and the leaf shape of C. ×latebrosa suggest a C. collina × ser. Molles ancestry. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 574. | FNA vol. 9, p. 639. | ||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Coccineae > ser. Pruinosae | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Synonyms | Mespilus pruinosa | C. noelensis | ||||||||||||||||||||
Name authority | (H. L. Wendland) K. Koch: Hort. Dendrol., 168. (1853) | Crataegus ×latebrosa Sargent: Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot. Gard. 22: 73. (1912) — as species | ||||||||||||||||||||
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