Crataegus pruinosa |
Crataegus sargentii |
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frosted hawthorn, waxyfruit hawthorn |
Sargent hawthorn, Sargent's hawthorn |
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Habit | Shrubs or trees, dense, often suberect, 20–70 dm. | Shrubs or trees, 30–50 dm. | ||||||||||||||||||||
Stems | compound thorns on trunks present; twigs: new growth reddish brown, 1-year old dull purple-brown, 2-years old dull gray, older paler; thorns on twigs straight to slightly recurved, 2-years old deep purple to shiny black, usually ± fine, 3–5 cm. |
twigs: new growth reddish, 1-year old shiny, deep reddish brown, 2-years old grayish red, older gray; thorns on twigs few to numerous, straight to slightly recurved, 2-years old black, slender, 2–5 cm. |
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Leaves | petiole length 50–66% blade, sparsely glandular; blade trullate to ovate, ovate-oblong, or broadly rhombic, rarely ± deltate, 2–6(–7) cm, subcoriaceous, base broadly cuneate to subtruncate to weakly subcordate, lobes (1–)3 or 4 per side, sinuses shallow to deeper, lobe apex acute, sometimes ± obtuse, margins serrate, veins 5 or 6 per side (except smaller leaves), apex acute, surfaces glabrous (except var. virella). |
petiole length 25–40% blade, sparsely sessile-glandular; blade ovate-trullate, 4–6(–7) cm, terminal 1/2 ± straight-sided across lobe tips, base rounded to broadly cuneate, lobes 0 or 1–3 per side, barely present or sinuses shallow, LII 0–20%, lobe apex acute, margins serrulate, teeth to 1 mm, veins 5–7 per side, apex acute to acuminate, abaxial veins sparsely hairy young. |
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Inflorescences | 5–10-flowered; branches glabrous, sometimes sparsely villous; bracteoles caducous, usually few, margins short-stipitate-glandular. |
4–10(or 11)-flowered; branches glabrous; bracteoles caducous, numerous, often ± curved, green, linear, membranous to subherbaceous, margins glandular. |
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Flowers | 15–25 mm diam.; sepals narrowly triangular, 5–6 mm, margins usually entire or subentire, rarely glandular-serrate, abaxially glabrous; stamens (10 or)20, anthers pale pink to bright rose or dull purple, sometimes cream, 0.6–0.8 mm; styles 3–5. |
15–18 mm diam.; sepals narrowly triangular, 3 mm, base flaring to wide, margins entire or glandular-denticulate, apex ± obtuse, abaxially glabrous; anthers pale pink to pale purple; styles 3 or 4. |
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Pomes | greenish with pink or mauve areas, sometimes bright crimson or scarlet, often rather angular, 10–20 mm diam., highly pruinose, not punctate; flesh hard; sepals on collar, spreading; pyrenes 3–5. |
yellow or flushed pink, sometimes reddish, suborbicular, 8–10(–12) mm diam.; sepals on collar, reflexed; pyrenes 3 or 4. |
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2n | = 34, 51. |
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Crataegus pruinosa |
Crataegus sargentii |
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Phenology | Flowering late Mar–mid Apr; fruiting Sep–Nov. | |||||||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Woodland edges, cut-over woodlands, other open woodlands | |||||||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 20–300 m (100–1000 ft) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
AR; CT; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; ME; MI; MO; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; TN; VA; VT; WI; WV; ON; QC
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AL; FL; GA; MS |
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Discussion | Varieties 6 (6 in the flora). Crataegus pruinosa extends from Arkansas to Wisconsin, through the southern Great Lakes to southern New England, and, in the south, mainly in the Appalachians to northern Georgia. In the north of its range, Crataegus pruinosa is mainly a shrub of open successional habitats but in the south may commonly be a taller tree of open or thin woodlands. Many hawthorns have a little waxy bloom on their pomes; it is particularly prominent on Crataegus pruinosa and C. cognata compared to others. Some authors include in C. pruinosa their white-anthered counterparts, here assigned to C. cognata. Whereas C. pruinosa characteristically has entire or subentire sepal margins, some forms in the southwest of the range of the species (for example, C. calliantha Sargent, C. seducta Sargent) may have glandular-serrate sepal margins. They may represent introgression with C. coccinioides. The varieties of C. pruinosa are weakly differentiated from each other, most of them on leaf shape and size characters. The more widespread varieties constitute a range of morphotypes held together by common traits. Crataegus gaudens Sargent is a strikingly distinct form from Pennsylvania that has more or less elliptic leaves with lobes absent; it is clearly related to C. pruinosa. Note that 159. Crataegus ×coleae, a Michigan endemic, will key out here if its laterally scarred pyrenes are missed. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Crataegus sargentii is mainly from Alabama, extending west to central Mississippi, eastwards with scattered records from Georgia, and south to the panhandle of Florida; it is locally common. Anthesis is three weeks later in the Alabama canyonlands than on the Gulf Coast. The species is most similar to C. gilva; the latter has narrower leaves and smaller pomes. Occasional more deeply incised forms may resemble other species to some extent; they will usually retain the characteristic overall leaf shape of the species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 574. | FNA vol. 9, p. 581. | ||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Coccineae > ser. Pruinosae | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Coccineae > ser. Pulcherrimae | ||||||||||||||||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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Synonyms | Mespilus pruinosa | |||||||||||||||||||||
Name authority | (H. L. Wendland) K. Koch: Hort. Dendrol., 168. (1853) | Beadle: Bot. Gaz. 28: 407. (1899) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Web links |