Flora of North America species comparison

compound thorns on trunks present;

twigs: new growth reddish brown, 1-year old dull purple-brown, 2-years old dull gray, older paler;

thorns on twigs straight to slightly recurved, 2-years old deep purple to shiny black, usually ± fine, 3–5 cm.

numerous;

twigs: new growth olive- or orange-green, slender, marked by large, oblong, pale lenticels, glabrous, 1-year old light, grayish, or deep reddish brown, at end of 1d year often deep red-brown, 2-years old gray or light brown tinged with red, older ashy gray;

thorns on twigs numerous, straight, 1-year old shiny, deep red-brown, older dark gray, ultimately ashy gray, stout, 3–6 cm.

petiole length 50–66% blade, sparsely glandular;

blade trullate to ovate, ovate-oblong, or broadly rhombic, rarely ± deltate, 2–6(–7) cm, subcoriaceous, base broadly cuneate to subtruncate to weakly subcordate, lobes (1–)3 or 4 per side, sinuses shallow to deeper, lobe apex acute, sometimes ± obtuse, margins serrate, veins 5 or 6 per side (except smaller leaves), apex acute, surfaces glabrous (except var. virella).

stipules oblong-obovate, to falcate and acuminate on extension shoots, glandular-serrate, acuminate, villous;

petiole length 33–40% blade, slightly winged distally, adaxially villous young, glandular, glands minute, dark red;

blade ovate-oblong to oblong, (4–)5–7(–8) cm (more than 1/2 grown at anthesis), on extension shoots similar, larger, thin to chartaceous, base cuneate to nearly truncate, lobes 5 or 6 per side, sinuses moderately deep (max LII 15%), lobe apex acute, ± triangular, margins serrulate, veins 5–7 per side, apex acute, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial appressed-scabrous, glabrescent.

5–10-flowered;

branches glabrous, sometimes sparsely villous;

bracteoles caducous, usually few, margins short-stipitate-glandular.

9–12-flowered;

branches villous;

bracteoles linear, small, membranous, margins sessile-glandular.

15–25 mm diam.;

sepals narrowly triangular, 5–6 mm, margins usually entire or subentire, rarely glandular-serrate, abaxially glabrous;

stamens (10 or)20, anthers pale pink to bright rose or dull purple, sometimes cream, 0.6–0.8 mm;

styles 3–5.

13–15 mm diam.;

hypanthium glabrous or pubescent;

sepals reflexed after flowering, tapering from broad bases, short, margins minutely, bright red glandular, apex acute, abaxially villous;

stamens 20, anthers pale yellow, small;

styles 4 or 5.

greenish with pink or mauve areas, sometimes bright crimson or scarlet, often rather angular, 10–20 mm diam., highly pruinose, not punctate;

flesh hard;

sepals on collar, spreading;

pyrenes 3–5.

in broad, multi-fruited clusters, drooping or erect on stout branches;

reddish, suborbicular to oblong, 12–14 mm diam., glabrous or pubescent;

sepals persistent, sometimes until following spring, prominent, appressed to spreading;

pyrenes 4 or 5, full and rounded at ends.