Crataegus pruinosa |
Crataegus furtiva |
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frosted hawthorn, waxyfruit hawthorn |
Albany hawthorn |
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Habit | Shrubs or trees, dense, often suberect, 20–70 dm. | Shrubs or trees, 30–60 dm, branches ± weeping. | ||||||||||||||||||||
Stems | compound thorns on trunks present; twigs: new growth reddish brown, 1-year old dull purple-brown, 2-years old dull gray, older paler; thorns on twigs straight to slightly recurved, 2-years old deep purple to shiny black, usually ± fine, 3–5 cm. |
twigs: new growth densely appressed-white-pubescent, 1-year old purple-brown, older deep gray, relatively stout; thorns on twigs absent or few, straight, 1-year old purple-brown, ± stout, 2–3 cm. |
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Leaves | petiole length 50–66% blade, sparsely glandular; blade trullate to ovate, ovate-oblong, or broadly rhombic, rarely ± deltate, 2–6(–7) cm, subcoriaceous, base broadly cuneate to subtruncate to weakly subcordate, lobes (1–)3 or 4 per side, sinuses shallow to deeper, lobe apex acute, sometimes ± obtuse, margins serrate, veins 5 or 6 per side (except smaller leaves), apex acute, surfaces glabrous (except var. virella). |
petiole length 20–25% blade, broadly winged distally, pubescent, glandular; blade broadly obtrullate or obdeltate to obtrullate, 1.5–2.5 cm (length/width = 1–1.6), thick, stiff, base abruptly tapered, lobes 1–3 per side, subterminal or lateral, sinuses shallow, lobe apex obtuse, margins obscurely glandular-crenate, veins 2 or 3 per side (diverging at narrow angle from midvein), apex usually rounded to subacute, sometimes sharply cuspidate, or acute (in narrower-leaved forms), surfaces densely tomentose young, variably glabrescent, often persistently lanate. |
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Inflorescences | 5–10-flowered; branches glabrous, sometimes sparsely villous; bracteoles caducous, usually few, margins short-stipitate-glandular. |
2–4-flowered; branches densely tomentose-canescent; bracteoles deciduous, ± linear, margins sessile-glandular, adaxially short-pubescent. |
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Flowers | 15–25 mm diam.; sepals narrowly triangular, 5–6 mm, margins usually entire or subentire, rarely glandular-serrate, abaxially glabrous; stamens (10 or)20, anthers pale pink to bright rose or dull purple, sometimes cream, 0.6–0.8 mm; styles 3–5. |
14–16 mm diam.; hypanthium densely white appressed-pubescent; sepals narrowly triangular, 5 mm, margins glandular-serrate, abaxially appressed-white-pubescent; anthers cream; styles 3. |
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Pomes | greenish with pink or mauve areas, sometimes bright crimson or scarlet, often rather angular, 10–20 mm diam., highly pruinose, not punctate; flesh hard; sepals on collar, spreading; pyrenes 3–5. |
orange to red, broadly ellipsoid to suborbicular, 8–15 mm diam., glabrous or sparsely pilose; sepals reflexed; pyrenes 3. |
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Crataegus pruinosa |
Crataegus furtiva |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–Apr; fruiting Jul–Aug. | |||||||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Open brush, sandy soil, among sparse pine | |||||||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
AR; CT; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; ME; MI; MO; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; TN; VA; VT; WI; WV; ON; QC
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AL; FL; GA; NC; SC |
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Discussion | Varieties 6 (6 in the flora). Crataegus pruinosa extends from Arkansas to Wisconsin, through the southern Great Lakes to southern New England, and, in the south, mainly in the Appalachians to northern Georgia. In the north of its range, Crataegus pruinosa is mainly a shrub of open successional habitats but in the south may commonly be a taller tree of open or thin woodlands. Many hawthorns have a little waxy bloom on their pomes; it is particularly prominent on Crataegus pruinosa and C. cognata compared to others. Some authors include in C. pruinosa their white-anthered counterparts, here assigned to C. cognata. Whereas C. pruinosa characteristically has entire or subentire sepal margins, some forms in the southwest of the range of the species (for example, C. calliantha Sargent, C. seducta Sargent) may have glandular-serrate sepal margins. They may represent introgression with C. coccinioides. The varieties of C. pruinosa are weakly differentiated from each other, most of them on leaf shape and size characters. The more widespread varieties constitute a range of morphotypes held together by common traits. Crataegus gaudens Sargent is a strikingly distinct form from Pennsylvania that has more or less elliptic leaves with lobes absent; it is clearly related to C. pruinosa. Note that 159. Crataegus ×coleae, a Michigan endemic, will key out here if its laterally scarred pyrenes are missed. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Crataegus furtiva is concentrated in Georgia and South Carolina with records from Alabama, Florida, and North Carolina. The species, as it is usually seen, has among the smallest leaves of the thick-twigged group (subser. Robustae) and is one of the most densely hairy of all members of ser. Lacrimatae when young. Its usually wide, obtrullate leaves are distinctive. The type form, which is also common, represents a narrower-leaved form. In spite of some variability in leaf shape and fruit size, shape, and residual indumentum, C. furtiva is usually easily recognized. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 574. | FNA vol. 9, p. 630. | ||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Coccineae > ser. Pruinosae | Rosaceae > subfam. Amygdaloideae > tribe Maleae > Crataegus > sect. Coccineae > ser. Lacrimatae | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Synonyms | Mespilus pruinosa | |||||||||||||||||||||
Name authority | (H. L. Wendland) K. Koch: Hort. Dendrol., 168. (1853) | Beadle: Biltmore Bot. Stud. 1: 81. (1902) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Web links |